生态脆弱区土地生态安全动态评价——以河北省张家口市为例

目的]通过研究河北省张家口市土地生态安全的演变趋势及时空差异特征,旨在为张家口市土地资源管理及可持续利用提供科学依据。方法]从土地自然基础状况、土地利用状况、土地污染、退化状况、土地景观格局状况、土地生态建设状况及土地社会经济状况6个方面构建张家口市土地生态安全评价指标体系,运用综合指数法对张家口市2000和2010年土地生态安全状况进行动态评价,分析其土地生态安全动态变化趋势及其空间异质性特征。结果]2000—2010年张家口市多数区县的土地生态安全评价综合指数呈增长趋势,且土地生态安全状况多处于安全、较安全及敏感态,土地生态安全状况处于风险态和恶劣态的区县主要集中在中部市区及其周边地区。结论]近10a来,张家口市土地生态安全状况总体变好,这与退耕还林还草工程及其他生态建设工程的实施具有密切关系。

Evaluation of Land Ecological Security in Ecologically Fragile Area-A Case Study of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province

Objective] This paper aims to provide scientific support for land resource management and its sustainable use in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province through studying the evolution of land ecological security and its spatial variation.Methods] This paper developed an index system for the evaluation of land ecological security according to land natural attributes, land use condition, land pollution and degradation, landscape pattern, land ecological construction and land social-economic condition. The paper also evaluated the land ecological security condition in 2000 and 2010 of Zhangjiakou City using the comprehensive index method, and analyzed the changes of land ecological security and its spatial heterogeneity.Results] The land ecological security value in most counties of Zhangjiakou City increased from 2000 to 2010, and the land ecological security in most counties were in secure situation, less secure situation, and sensitive situation. The counties with land ecological security condition in risk and deteriorating situation mainly located in Zhangjiakou urban center and its surrounding areas.Conclusion] The land ecological security situation in Zhangjiakou City has become better in the past 10 years, which may be attributed to the "grain for green project" and other ecological restoration projects.