黄土高原非植物生长季节水热状况与生态功能

目的]对黄土高原非植物生长季节水分状况与利用潜力进行分析,为该区生态环境建设中的水资源高效利用提供参考。方法]根据分布在黄土高原地区的气象站观测数据和定位试验结果,分析研究区非植物生长季节的水热状况。结果]研究区大部分地区植物经历春季萌发和秋季枯死过程,土壤经历冻融过程,最大冻土深度186cm,并有一定量的降雪,最大降雪深度30cm,非生长季节降水平均占全年降水的7.7%。陕西省北部的典型定位观测点的土壤冻结时间达3月之久,有利于土壤水分的保持。结论]黄土高原非植物生长季节水热过程较弱,但是在水资源短缺条件下,能够明确非植物生长季节的水热过程,提高这一时段的水热资源利用效率对退化生态系统的恢复有重要意义。

Status and Ecological Functions of Water and Heat During Non-growing Period in Loess Plateau

Objective] The water status and utilization potential of the non-growing growing season on the Loess Plateau were analyzed to provide reference for the efficient utilization of water resources in the process of ecological environment construction. Methods] Data from meteorological stations in Loess Plateau and test in situ was used to analyze the status of water and heat during non-growing season. Results] Plants in most parts of the study area go through spring germination and autumn dead process. Soil has freeze-thaw cycles with the maximum frozen depth of 186 cm. And there is a certain amount of snowfall and the maximum snow depth record is 30 cm. On average, precipitation during non-growing season accounted for 7.7% annual precipitation. In the north area of Shaanxi Province, the freezing time of typical observation field station is up to three months. Conclusion] Water and heat should be studied and use efficiency of the limited water resources should be improved. It is very important for vegetative restoration in the region.