不同时空尺度下流域景观格局与水质的相关性研究——以嫩江右岸典型子流域为例

流域景观格局与水质的相关关系依赖于研究的时空尺度,区分时空尺度的研究有助于为流域水陆一体化管理提供准确依据。以嫩江右岸典型子流域为例,从亚流域、河流廊道2个空间尺度,丰水和枯水期2个时间尺度,研究了景观格局与河流水质的相关关系,分析了相关关系的时空差异。空间尺度上的研究结果表明：（1）亚流域尺度上与水质指标相关性显著的景观指标个数较河流廊道尺度多;（2）随尺度增大,NO3—N,综合污染指数与林地景观百分比的负相关性先增后减,400m处负相关性最强;TDS,NH4—N,NO3—N,综合污染指数与耕地景观百分比的正相关性先增后减,300m处正相关性最强,300～400m是嫩江支流廊道管理的关键区域。时间尺度上的研究结果表明,丰水期与水质指标显著相关的景观指数个数较枯水期多;丰水期林地、草地和耕地景观与水质指标的相关性强,而枯水期建设用地景观与水质指标的相关性强。

Correlation Between Landscape Pattern and River Water Quality at Various Temporal and Spatial Scales

The correlation between watershed landscape pattern and water quality depends upon the temporal and spatial scales.The study addressing different spatio-temporal scales could provide a clear basis for integrated management of land and water.Typical sub-watersheds of Nenjiang river were chosen as study sites,and the correlation between landscape pattern and river water quality was studied at the scales of sub-basin and riparian,wet and dry season,then the temporal and spatial difference in correlation was an...