中国城市土地利用效率的空间分异

目的]对新型城镇化进程中城市土地的利用效率的空间分异性及成因进行分析,为提升新型城镇化发展质量和促进经济增长提供理论依据和参考。方法]选取新型城镇化过程中的城市土地作为研究对象,将城市土地的利用分成2个阶段,运用改进的两阶段DEA和Tobit模型对城市土地的利用效率的空间分异性和成因进行分析。结果]我国城市土地利用存在空间分异性,土地的空间关联性对其影响显著,虽然城市土地利用效率不断在提升,但总体上利用效率相对较低。结论]我国土地利用效率较低的原因主要包括:(1)经济发展是导致土地利用存在空间分异的主要原因;(2)没有重视土地的社会属性和自然环境的保护;(3)现阶段人力资本因素对提升土地利用效率的程度大于技术因素。

Spatial Variation of Urban Land Use Efficiency in Process of New-type Urbanization

Objective] To explore the spatial variation of urban land use efficiency in the process of new-type urbanization, and to provide theoretical basis for economic growth and urbanization quality promotion.Methods] Urban land in the process of new-type urbanization was taken as research subject, and the process was divided into two stages. Improved two-stage DEA model and Tobit model were used to analyze the spatial variation of urban land use efficiency and the related reasons.Results] There is spatial variation for urban land use, which is the outcome of obvious land spatial correlation. Urban land use efficiency is relatively at a low level, although it is continually getting improved.Conclusion] The reasons mainly include the followings:(1) economic development is the main cause for spatial variation of urban land use efficiency; (2) secondly, social attributes of land and protection of natural resources are neglected; (3) thirdly, at present, the contribution of human capital to the enhancement of land use efficiency is greater than the one of technical factors.