漓江风景区土壤生态环境对旅游干扰的响应

目的] 探索广西壮族自治区桂林市漓江风景区土壤生态环境因子对旅游干扰的响应规律，为合理开发与保护漓江风景区旅游资源提供科学依据。方法] 采用野外调查和室内分析方法，对比不同干扰程度下漓江风景区土壤环境指标的差异，分析旅游干扰对漓江风景区土壤生态环境的影响。结果] 在旅游活动干扰下，土壤硬度明显增加，5个系列土壤坚实度平均值增加15.55倍，土壤颜色的明度和彩度增加，容重平均增幅为33.43%；枯枝落叶层厚度和土壤自然含水率下降，土壤有机质、土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷以及有效钾含量平均降幅分别达到61.31%，61.58%，32.21%，72.08%和36.26%。结论] 在旅游干扰下漓江风景区土壤生态环境发生阶段性变化，供试区土壤出现不同程度退化，土壤综合肥力下降，土壤结构变差，进而将对景区植被和景观带来影响，因而应从管理和技术等方面采取有效措施，以减弱旅游干扰对漓江风景区土壤生态环境的负面影响。

Response of Soil Ecological Environment to Tourist Disturbance in Lijiang Scenic Area

Objective] The response of soil ecological environment to interference by tourism was explored in Lijiang scenic area of Guilin City in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to provide a scientific basis for the rational development and protection of tourism resources.Methods] A field investigation and laboratory analysis were conducted to analyze the differences of soil environmental indicators in the Lijiang scenic area under different interference levels, and the impact of interference due to tourism on the soil ecological environment in the study area.Results] The average soil firmness increased by a factor of 15.55. The brightness and chromaticity of the soil color also increased, as did the bulk density (by 33.43%). The thickness of the litter layer and soil moisture content both decreased. The contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium decreased by 61.31%, 61.58%, 32.21%, 72.08%, and 36.26%, respectively.Conclusion] The soil ecological environment of the Lijiang scenic area shifted periodically under the disturbance caused by tourism. Selected soils were degraded to different degrees, the comprehensive fertility of the soil reduced, and the soil structure deteriorated, which can be expected to affect vegetation and the landscape. Therefore, effective management measures and relevant technology should be introduced to weaken the negative effects of tourism on the ecological environment of the Lijiang scenic area.