开发建设项目生态修复环境效益评价

目的]近年来煤炭等开发建设项目引起的环境问题日渐成为全社会关注的焦点,评价生产建设项目生态修复效益,量化生产建设项目水土保持生态工程的效果,旨在为今后开发建设项目评价提供可参考的技术与经验。方法]以陕西省子长县永兴煤矿资源整合项目为例,建立开发建设项目水土保持生态修复效益评价体系,计算了各评价指标在不同建设时期的隶属度值,分别采用主成分分析法和层次分析法计算指标权重,并根据拉格朗日乘子法对指标权重进行了综合,最后采用生态效益指数对开发建设项目生态修复环境效益进行综合评价。结果]考虑了主客观信息在内的拉格朗日乘子法计算得到的综合权重能够反映出开发建设项目各建设时期不同指标的特点;基于综合权重计算得到的生态效益指数显示该项目在建设前期生态效益指数最高,而试运行期的生态效益指数0.392高于施工期0.318,表明生态修复工程在试运行期开始发挥了水土保持效益。结论]提出的生态修复效益评价体系及方法可行,可以为其他生产建设类项目生态效益评价提供一定的参考。

Environmental Benefits Evaluation of Ecological Restoration in Construction Projects

Objective] In recent years, environmental problems caused by coal and other construction projects have become the focus of the whole society, while evaluating the benefit of ecological restoration in construction projects and quantifying the effect of soil and water conservation in the construction projects can provide reference for the construction project evaluation in the future.Methods] Taking resource integration project at Yongxing coal mine in Zichang County, Shaanxi Province as an example, the benefit evaluation system of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration for construction projects has been established, the values of different evaluation indexes in different construction periods have been scaled, the weights of the indexes which are calculated by the principal component analysis and the analytic hierarchy process method have been synthesized according to the Lagrange multiplier method, and the benefit index is finally used to make a comprehensive analysis of the environmental benefits of ecological restoration.Results] The comprehensive weight calculated by the Lagrange multiplier method, which considers the subjective and objective information, can reflect the characteristics of the different indexes in the construction projects during each construction period. The ecological benefit index based on the comprehensive weight calculation shows that the ecological benefits index of this project in the early stage is the highest, while the ecological benefit index of the trial operation period is 0.392, which is higher than the construction period 0.318. The ecological restoration project began to play the role of soil and water conservation in the trial operation period.Conclusion] The evaluation system and evaluation method of ecological restoration benefit proposed in this paper are feasible, which can provide a certain reference for other production and construction projects.