基于GIS的河北省丰宁县土地沙化演变及驱动力分析

目的]综合分析河北省丰宁县土壤沙化区沙化演变规律和驱动因子,为沙化土地治理及合理开发利用土地资源上提供技术依据。方法]以遥感和GIS作为信息获取和分析工具,通过对河北省丰宁县2009,2014年2期土地沙化遥感影像解译,研究了该区土地沙化的时空演变规律,并对引起其演变的驱动因子进行了探讨。结果]沙化土地在空间分布上具有明显的区域性,主要分布于中部以西地区,且沙化类型以固定沙地为主;近5a来,尽管中度沙化面积有所增加,但沙化土地面积总体呈减少趋势,轻度沙化减少了560.9hm2,重度沙化减少了1 872.6hm2,沙化土地总面积减少了809.2hm2;高原区较低山区易发生土地沙化,干旱区土壤沙化程度重于半干旱地区。结论]以当地地貌环境条件为基础,合理开发利用土地资源,增加林地面积,可有效减弱土地沙化。

GIS-Based Analysis on Evolution and Driving Forces of Land Desertification in Fengning County of Hebei Province

Objective] To analyze the evolution and driving forces of land desertification in order to provide technical references for land desertification controlling and the rational exploitation and utilization of land resources in the Fengning County, Hebei Province.Methods] Through remotely sensed imagery interpretation based on remote sensing and GIS, we analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution of regional land desertification and its driving factors in the Fengning County in 2009 and 2014.Results] The desertification land showed an obviously regional distribution, which was mainly distributed in the fixed sandy land of the midwest areas. Over the past 5 years, the total area of desertification land generally decreased despite the moderate desertification area increased, in which the area of mild desertification decreased by 560.9 hm², the area of severe desertification decreased by 1 872.6 hm², and the total area of desertification land decreased by 809.2 hm². The plateau was easier to form desertification than the lower hilly zone, the degree of desertification was more severe in the arid zone than that of semiarid zone.Conclusion] Based on local landscapes and environmental conditions, developing and using land resources rationally, increasing forest areas, will effectively reduce the land desertification.