“十二五”期间重庆市土地利用变化及生态效应

目的]揭示"十二五"期间重庆市土地利用及生态效应变化规律,为该市用地结构调整和生态可持续发展提供理论支持。方法]基于重庆市2011—2015年5期TM遥感影像,采用土地利用动态度、土地利用程度指数、生态系统服务价值评价法、敏感性分析等方法开展研究。结果]"十二五"期间,重庆市耕地、林地、草地、水域湿地、建设用地和未利用地年变化率分别为-0.37%,-0.01%,-1.98%,0.67%,6.77%,-2.54%;土地利用程度综合指数由248.89提高至250.11;生态系统服务价值共减少了2.73亿元。结论]"十二五"期间,重庆市各土地利用类型动态变化存在差异性,呈现出耕地、林地、草地、未利用地面积减少,水域湿地和建设用地面积增加的趋势,土地利用在这阶段总体处于发展期;生态系统服务总价值整体减少,生态环境轻微朝着不健康的方向发展。

Ecological Effects of Land Use Change in Chongqing City During 12th Five-year Plan Period

Objective] The dynamic changes of the land use and ecological effects of Chongqing City were studied during the 12th Five-year Plan period, to provide suggestions on land use structure adjustment and ecological-sustainable development of Chongqing City.Methods] Based on the fifth-issued TM images of Chongqing City during 2011-2015, land use dynamic degree, land use degree index, ecosystem service value evaluation methods were used.Results] During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the annual change rates of cultivated land, forest land, grass land, water area land, construction land and unused land were -0.37%,-0.01%,-1.98%,0.67%,6.77%,-2.54% respectively. The land use degree index increased from 248.89 to 250.11. The value of ecosystem service decreased 2.73 billion totally.Conclusion] During the 12th Five-year Plan period, the dynamic change of different land use types differed from each other, among which, quantities of cultivated land, forest land, grass land and unused land decreased, while the water area land and construction land increased. The land use was generally developed in this period. The value of ecosystem service decreased, and the ecological environment evolved in a slight unhealthy direction.