村域尺度耕地利用效益时空格局演化分析

目的]通过分析甘肃省广河县村域耕地利用效益的时空格局演化特征,为合理利用耕地资源,提高效益水平提供更切合农民生产生活需要的依据。方法]应用改进熵值法、GIS技术、ESDA空间分析技术。结果]广河县10a来村域耕地利用经济效益整体呈上升趋势,社会、生态及综合效益均呈先上升后下降的趋势。耕地利用经济效益的高效区围绕在川区村域,社会效益高效区多分布在红庄村等山区村域或川区边缘村域。各村耕地利用效益具有显著的空间正自相关性,总体上村际间的相互作用呈下降趋势,局部上高—高效益区在减少且以头家村等川区村域为中心的高—高类型区逐步向广河县西南方的村域转移。结论]村域尺度效益评价更能具体反映农民对耕地的利用情况,并根据效益的高低集聚特征做出科学有效的调整措施。广河县应加快构建新型农业经营体系,形成村域间社会事业发展合力。

A Study on Village Level of Spatial and Temporal Pattern Evolution of Cultivated Land Use Efficiency

Objective] The spatial-temporal evolution of cultivated land use efficiency was analyzed on village level in Guanghe County, Gansu Province for rationale use and efficiency improvement of farmland resources in order to meet the needs of farmers in agricultural production and life.Methods] Introducing the GIS, ESDA and the improved entropy method to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics.Results] The economic benefits of cultivated land use on village scale increased in the past 10 years, whereas, social, ecological and the comprehensive benefits all exhibited an upward-downward trend. Areas having high economically efficiency mostly locate along riverside. Areas having high socially efficiency mostly distribute in those mountainous villages as Hongzhuang village, or far from rivers. Though land use efficiency was significantly auto-correlated the interaction among villages on the whole showed a downward trend. The high-high benefit area was shrinking, and the pattern with respect to the high-high type area also changed:the center area gradually shifted from Chuan District villages to the southwest villages of Guanghe County.Conclusion] The benefit evaluation on village level can reflect the practical cultivated land utilization by farmers. This is helpful to make scientific and effective adjustments based on the agglomeration of benefits. Guanghe County should speed up the construction of new type of agricultural management system and form a joint force for the development of social undertakings among villages.