煤矸石山风化堆积物水分动态研究

以位于贵州省赤水市的"黔北20万吨/年竹浆林纸一体化工程项目"为例,研究了低山丘陵区开发建设项目中的水土保持和生态建设问题.针对该工程水土流失的现状和特点,结合竹原料林基地建设,提出了水土流失的防治原则和采取的防治对策.实施水土保持方案后,能有效控制工程区的水土流失,恢复和改善项目区的生态环境,保障了工程建设的安全,实现了社会、经济、环境的协调与可持续发展.

Research on Water Dynamics of Weathered Coal Gangue Dumps

Water dynamics of the 280 coal gangue dumps in Yangquan City,Shanxi Province was preliminarily studied by the analyses of physical properties,water infiltration characteristics,and water contentof the weathered gangue. Results showed thatcoal gangue texture was poor and the average contentof gravel and boulder was as high as 86. 07 %. The coal gangue dumps were dominated by non-capillary pore and the aver age values of capillary pore atthe four depths (15,30,45,and 60 cm) in the profile were 1. 40 %,1. 36 %,1. 32 %,and 1. 17 %,respectively. This caused soil water2holding capacity maintaining ata low-level throughoutthe year and the average water-holding capacity at60 cm depth was 19. 7 t/hm². Kostiakov infil tration model can well describe the infiltration process of weathered gangue. During the infiltration process,weathered gangue had higher infiltration rate. The seasonal change in water contentof weathered gangue was mainly influenced by the amountof rainfall and its distribution. With the increasing seasonal rainfall,the av erage water contentof weathered gangue rose correspondingly. Water storage of gangue dump was linearly related with the amountof rainfall. When the amountof rainfall was low,or rainfall eventwas highly fre quent,water storage of exposed gangue was more than thatof the gangue dump covered with soil. Generally speaking,there was a dry layer between 30 and 40 cm in gangue dump,which made the lower layers of gangue dump keeping more moisture in dry season.