不同表土处理对坝上风电场植被恢复的影响

目的]探讨坝上风电场风机区不同表土处理与植被恢复的组合方式,阐明表土在植被恢复中的作用与效果。方法]采用表土分层清理堆放回覆试验、客土、表土处理与植被恢复组合试验相结合的方法,分析不同处理的植被恢复效果。结果]风电场项目区可采用表土分层清理、分层回覆的方式,利用表土土壤种子库进行植被恢复。施工生产生活区与弃土弃渣区分别有16和17种植物萌发,恢复效果良好,分层回覆表土后应及时浇水保证种子萌发。不同植被恢复组合方式在群落盖度、植被平均高度、物种数、多样性指数间均存在显著差异,各处理以分层回覆+自然恢复效果最好,土地平整+自然恢复效果最差。不同植被恢复组合方式投入差异明显,投入最高为客土+人工恢复,最低为土地平整+自然恢复。结论]各风电场应根据施工条件、经济条件及植被恢复效果选择适宜的恢复方式,尽可能采用分层回覆+自然恢复的方式,不建议使用土地平整+自然恢复的方式。

Function and Effect of Surface Soil in Process of Vegetation Restoration in Wind Field of Bashang Areas

Objective] The paper aims to explore the combining effect of different surface soil treatments and vegetation restoration methods in wind field of Bashang areas in order to clarify the functions and effect of surface soil in vegetation restoration.Methods] The effects of different treatments on vegetation restoration were analyzed. These treatments included cleaning and backfilling surface soil test, covering with new soil, surface soil treatment combined with vegetation restoration methods.Results] The vegetation could be restored using cleaning and backfilling treatment and seed banks of surface soil. 16 and 17 species were found to germinate in the construction living area and spoil area respectively. Irrigating in time was necessary for seed germination after backfilling. There were significant differences in community coverage, average vegetation height, numbers of species as well as diversity index between vegetation restoration combinations, of which the backfilling surface soil + natural restoration was the best, while the land leveling+natural recovery effect was the worst. The invest in the combination of different vegetation restoration patterns was variable, of which new soil+artificial restoration input was the highest and the land leveling+natural recovery was lowest.Conclution] Each wind farm should select suitable restoration methods according to construction and economic conditions as well as the vegetation restoration effects. Backfilling surface soil+natural restoration should be a top priority, and land leveling+natural restoration should be avoided.