不同覆盖方式对绿豆水分利用效率的影响

绿豆是陕北旱区特色经济作物和主要农作物之一,探索适合地区特色的绿豆高产抗旱栽培技术对完善该区小杂粮栽培模式和提高区域农业水平意义重大。通过田间试验,设置垄膜覆盖、双沟覆膜、全膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和露地5种处理,分析了不同覆盖方式对绿豆土壤温度、耗水量、水分利用效率、生长和经济性状以及产量的影响。结果表明,地膜覆盖对陕北地区绿豆增产效果极为显著,秸秆覆盖可提高水分利用效率,但同时降低地温,增产作用不明显。3种地膜覆盖方式中,又以垄膜覆盖方式提高水分利用效率和增加绿豆产量的效果最好,且操作简单,在陕北地区绿豆抗旱栽培中应优先考虑。

Effects of Different Mulching Methods on Water Use Efficiency of Mung Bean

Mung bean is one of the most important economic crops and traditional crops in Northern Shaanxi Province.Developing drought-resistant mung bean cultivation techniques suitable for regional characteristics is the essential part for optimizing the cultivation models for minor grain crops and improving the regional agriculture.Five treatments were set up,including plastic film mulching on ridge,plastic film mulching on" W"shape ridge,plastic film mulching on whole plot,straw mulching on whole plot and no mulching as control.Comparing soil temperature,water consumption,water use efficiency,plant characters and yield of mung bean in different treatments,the results show that plastic film mulching significantly increased the yield of mung bean and the straw mulching did not.In the three plastic film mulching treatments,plastic film mulching on ridge was the most effective treatment in improving both water use efficiency and yield of mung bean.Owing to its additional simplicity of its installation,the plastic film mulching on ridge should be considered as the first option as the drought resistant cultivation technique of mung bean in Northern Shaanxi Province.