中国近50年旱灾灾情分析

20世纪后50年全国受旱面积和受旱成灾面积呈上升趋势，各年代旱灾成灾率也呈上升趋势；2000年是建国以来旱灾最严重的一年，全国受旱面积和成灾面积分别达4054万hm^2和2678万hm^2。黄淮海地区和长江中下游地区受旱面积和成灾面积占全国的60%以上，是中国的干旱重灾区，总结了有关于旱发展预测的研究。对未来一段时期旱灾的可能发生情况进行了预测，并提出了有关旱灾防御的几点建议。

Studies on Drought in the Past 50 Years in China

Based on the statistical data of drought in China in the last 5 decades (1950 - 2000), the characteristics of occurrence and development of drought were studied. The drought-occurred areas and drought-induced disaster areas had been increasing in the latter 50 years of 20th century. Ratio between drought-induced disaster areas and drought-occurred areas had an increased trend. The drought occurred in China in 2000 was the most serious one since 1949, while the drought-occurred areas and drought-induced disaster areas reached at 40.5 million haand 26.8 million ha respectively. More than 60% of the drought-occurred areas and drought-induced disaster areas occurred in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region and the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, which were the two most drought-induced disaster regions in China. According to the research results on drought prediction, the possibilities of drought occurrence in the future were analyzed and some precautions against drought were recommended.