中国设施农业气象业务服务现状与对策

设施农业的迅速发展和气象科技的不断进步催生了设施农业气象服务这一农业气象服务的新领域。设施农业由于自身反季节模式生产、可控的环境条件和高效的资源利用特点,因而对农业气象服务的要求具有特殊性。本文总结了不利气象条件对设施农业的影响,分析了设施农业气象发展现状,结果表明,现有的设施农业气象服务不能满足其在工程设计、区划布局、环境控制、资源利用等气象服务上的需求。针对现有问题从设施农业工程评估、气候资源区划、设施农业气象监测预警和服务网络体系、资源利用和节能以及适应、应对气候变化策略等方面提出相应的对策,以期为提高设施农业气象服务水平、增强设施农业防灾减灾能力、保障设施农业可持续发展提供思路。

Situation and Countermeasures to Agro-meteorological Services on Controlled Environment Agriculture in China

The rapid development of controlled environment agriculture in China and the uninterruptedly development of meteorological science and technology expedited controlled environment agro-meteorological service.The controlled environment agriculture required special meteorological services as its special characteristics,such as off-season production,environment controlling and high resources utilization efficiency.The adverse effects of meteorology factors on controlled environment agriculture were discussed,and the current situation of controlled environment agriculture was reviewed.The results showed that current services could not meet the requirements of controlled environment agriculture on project design,regional distribution,and environment control and resources utilization.Suggestions for improving services were put forward, including evaluating project of controlled environment agriculture,regional distribution of climatic resources,monitoring and warning system on agro-meteorology,resource utilization,energy saving and the strategy to adapt climate change.