不同时期水分对春小麦产量的影响

运用二次正交旋转组合设计方法，以５、６、７月降水量为变量因子，利用防雨棚控制降水环境，研究了不同时期水分对春小麦产量的影响。结果表明，５、６月份（拔节、抽穗期）降水量是小麦产量的限制因子；７月份（灌浆期）降水量对产量影响较小。一般在５、６月份降水较多的情况下，产量较高；而７月份降水较多时产量较低。通过对模型优化分析，提出了两品种小麦适宜综合水分指标为：喜水肥品种龙麦１２号５、６、７月平均降水量为：６１．４、１０７．３、１３７．０ｍｍ；抗旱品种克旱１０号５、６、７月平均降水量为：４４．０、１０６．６、１１７．０ｍｍ。在此条件下，小麦产量可望达２２５ｇ／（６６６．７ｍ２）。

Effect of Water in Different Stages on the Yield of Spring Wheat

The effects of water in different stages on the yield of spring wheat were studied using the method of quadratic rotary design and taking the simulated precipitation in May, June and July as the variable factors. The results show that the precipitation in May and June (jointing and heading stages) are the control factors, the effect of the precipitation in July is less. The suitable water indexes on the two varieties are given: the precipitation in May, June and July are 61.4, 107.3 and 137.0mm for ombrophilous varieties or 44.0, 106.6 and 117.0mm for drought-resistant varieties. Under these conditions, the yield will reach more than 225 kg/(666.7m 2).