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安塞黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地的土壤种子库特征
引用本文:白文娟,焦菊英,张振国.安塞黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地的土壤种子库特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(2):65-72.
作者姓名:白文娟  焦菊英  张振国
作者单位:1. 中国科学院,水利部,水土保持研究所,712100,陕西杨凌;中国科学院研究生院,100039,北京
2. 中国科学院,水利部,水土保持研究所,712100,陕西杨凌;西北农林科技大学,水土保持研究所,712100,陕西杨凌
基金项目:国家自然科学基金;国家自然科学基金;西北农林科技大学校科研和教改项目
摘    要: 采用野外调查取样和室内实验相结合的方法,研究安塞黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地土壤种子库的物种组成、密度特征、物种多样性以及相似性特征。结果表明:阴、阳坡12个样地的土样中,共萌发了28种2442株幼苗,隶属于11科23属;05 cm土层的土壤种子库密度变动于(900.1±351.3)6 466.8±1 708.4粒.m-2之间,510cm土层的值变动于(116.7±61.4)2466.7±914.4粒.m-2之间;随着退耕年限的增加,土壤种子库的总密度都呈明显的递减趋势;阳坡的土壤种子库密度为阴坡的2.23.4倍;猪毛蒿和臭蒿是退耕地阳坡样地土壤种子库的优势物种,阴坡样地的优势物种是猪毛蒿;随着退耕年限的增加,土壤种子库的均匀度与退耕年限呈显著正相关,丰富度和多样性基本上呈上升趋势,生态优势度则呈下降趋势,说明随着退耕年限的增加,优势种趋向不明显;样地种子库组成成分的相似性分析表明,退耕演替的过程基本上也是土壤种子库空间异质性加大的过程。

关 键 词:退耕地  土壤种子库  植被恢复  黄土丘陵沟壑区
修稿时间:2006-11-10

Characteristics of soil seed banks in abandoned croplands at Ansai County on the Hilly-gullied Loess area
Bai Wenjuan,Jiao Juying,Zhang Zhenguo.Characteristics of soil seed banks in abandoned croplands at Ansai County on the Hilly-gullied Loess area[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,5(2):65-72.
Authors:Bai Wenjuan  Jiao Juying  Zhang Zhenguo
Institution:1.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi;2.Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,100039,Beijing;3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest Sci-techonology University of Agriculture and Forestry,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi:China
Abstract:Field survery and laboratory experiment were conducted to study the characteristics of soil seed bank,such as species composition,density,diversity and similarity in abandoned croplands at Ansai County on the Hilly-gullied Loess area.Results showed that 28 species,which belonged to 11 families and 23 genera,germinated in the 12 plots.Seed density in the 0-5cm layer varied from(900.1±351.3)n·m-2 to(6466.8±1?708.4)n·m-2,as compared with(116.7±61.4) n·m-2 to(2?466.7±914.4)n·m-2 in the 5-10?cm layer.The total seed density of seed bank took a significant decreasing trend as the increasing year since abandoned.Soil seed bank density in sunny slope was 2.2-3.4 times than that in shady slope.The dominant species in sunny slope were Artemisia scoparia and Artemisia hedinii,as compared with Artemisia scoparia in shady slope.As the year since abandoned increased,evenness was significantly related to year since abandoned positively,richness and diversity increased while ecological dominance decreased,which showed that the dominant species is not diversely developed as the year since abandoned increased.The similarity analysis of soil seed bank composition illustrated that the vegetation succession of the abandoned cropland was basicly an enlarging process of spatial heterogeneity.
Keywords:abandoned croplands  soil seed bank  vegetation restoration  Hilly-gullied Loess area
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