戈壁荒漠区光伏发电项目水土流失特征及其影响指数

以河西走廊地区9个已建成的典型光伏发电项目为研究对象,对不同防治分区的水土流失特征进行对比分析,在此基础上应用水土流失影响指数计算、分析和评级方法,计算戈壁荒漠区光伏发电项目的水土流失影响指数。首次指明国内戈壁荒漠区光伏发电项目的水土流失影响指数范围。结果表明：光伏发电项目各防治分区扰动地表面积所占比例从大到小依次为光电池板布置区（68.72%）〉道路区（27.17%）〉其他防治区（1.77%）〉管理区（1.18%）〉施工营地区（1.15%）;挖方量所占比例从大到小依次为光电池板布置区（65.09%）〉道路区（30.45%）〉管理区（1.82%）〉施工营地区（1.48%）〉其他防治区（1.15%）,光电池板布置区和道路区是光伏发电项目施工扰动最大的区域。这些区域的基础开挖、搬运和填筑等土建工程也是产生水土流失的重点环节,戈壁荒漠区光伏发电项目建设的水土流失影响指数为0.419。

Characteristics and impact index of soil and water loss in photovoltaic power generation projects in Gobi Desert Area

By taking nine typical photovoltaic power generation projects built in the Hexi Corridor for an example,we compared the characteristics of water and soil loss in different partitions of these projects.The impact index of soil and water loss for photovoltaic power generation projects in the Gobi Desert Area was calculated and the range of impacting index for the Gobi Desert Areas in China was determined through calculation,analysis and grading of the impact index of soil and water loss. Through calculation,the proportion of disturbed surface area in all partitions of photovoltaic power generation projects followed the order from big to small as photoelectic cell board area（ 68. 72%） road area（ 27. 17%） other area（ 1. 77%） management area（ 1. 18%） construction camp area（ 1. 15%）; the proportion of excavated amount in all partitions ranked from big to small in the order of photoelectic cell board area（ 65. 09%） road area（ 30. 45%） management area（ 1. 82%） construction camp area（ 1. 48%） other area（ 1. 15%）. Therefore,the road area and the photoelectic cell board area of photovoltaic power generation projects were the most serious zones suffering from disturbed engineering construction,and the building projects like footing excavation,transport and filling in these zones were also the key causes of water and soil loss. The value of soil and water loss impact index in photovoltaic power generation projectsof the Gobi Desert was 0. 419.