河南省土壤全磷质量分数时空变异分析

采用传统统计学、GIS和地统计学的方法分析河南省1982和2009年土壤全磷的时空变异特征。结果表明：1）研究区2个时期土壤全磷半变异函数拟合模型均为球状模型,均存在中等空间相关性;2）土壤全磷平均质量分数由1982年的0.56 g/kg增加为2009年的0.66 g/kg,增幅为17.86%,平均年增长水平为0.66%,其中豫东地区由0.65 g/kg变为0.83 g/kg,增幅27.69%位居全省第1位,豫南地区以6.12%增幅最低;3）主要土类中,全磷质量分数以主要分布在平原区的砂姜黑土、水稻土和潮土的增幅最大,增幅分别为29.55%、29.27%和18.46%,主要受秸秆还田以及施用有机肥等人为活动的影响,此外,黄棕壤中全磷平均质量分数有所下降,下降幅度为6.45%。

Spatial-temporal variation of mass fraction of soil total phosphorus in Henan Province

We analyzed the spatial and temporal variation of the mass fraction of soil total phosphorus in Henan Province in 1982 and 2009,using GIS,geostatistics and traditional statistics. The results show that： firstly,the best-fitting models of soil total phosphorus semivariogram of the two periods were all spherical models; in the meantime,there existed a medium spatial correlation. Secondly,the mass fraction of soil total phosphorus increased from 0. 56 to 0. 66 g / kg from 1982 to 2009,with a growth rate of 17. 86% and an average annual growth rate of 0. 66%. Among different regions,the mass fraction of soil total phosphorus in eastern regions increased from 0. 65 to 0. 83 g / kg with a growth rate of 27. 69%,taking the first place in the whole province,while the growth rate of the mass fraction of total phosphorus in southern regions was the lowest,6. 12%. Besides,among the main soil types,the growth rates of the mass fraction of soil total phosphorus of lime concretion black soil,paddy soil and moisture soil,which are mainly distributed in the plain areas, were the highest, 29. 55%, 29. 27% and 18. 46%respectively,as a result of the increase of fertilization,the improved fertilizing level and return of straw into farmland. In addition,the total phosphorus mass fraction of yellow brown soil decreased by 6. 45%.The mass fraction of soil total phosphorus in plain areas was increasing,which might be attributed to the practices of mulching and organic manure application. We hold that such practices should be promoted actively.