黄河三角洲退化湿地土壤养分、微生物与土壤酶特性及其关系分析

为了揭示黄河三角洲湿地退化与土壤的关系,为湿地生态修复和有效利用湿地资源提供理论依据,对黄河三角洲退化湿地不同演替阶段的土壤酶活性、土壤养分和土壤微生物特性及土壤酶与养分和微生物的关系进行分析。结果表明:随着湿地由白茅群落到光板地的逆向演替,土壤脲酶、蛋白酶活性呈逐渐下降趋势,碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性变化规律与其相似;不同演替阶段土壤酶活性表现出差异性,各种酶之间蛋白酶活性最高;土壤养分质量含量基本都随着湿地逆向演替的进行而递减,不同演替阶段土壤养分质量分数差异显著;退化湿地土壤中各种微生物数量存在明显差异性,在土壤微生物群落中,细菌数量所占比例最大,在各类微生物中占绝对优势,其次为放线菌,真菌数量最少;白茅群落阶段细菌和真菌数量最多,柽柳群落阶段放线菌数量最多;土壤酶与土壤养分、土壤微生物存在密切正相关关系;细菌与脲酶和过氧化氢酶有密切关系,真菌与脲酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶都具有显著的相关性。

Properties of soil microbes,nutrients and soil enzyme activities and their relationship in a degraded wetland of Yellow River Delta

The soil enzyme activities,nutrients and microbes and their relationship at different successive stages were analyzed in a degraded wetland of the yellow river delta,the main results indicated that during the reverse succession from Imperata cylindrical community to bare land in wetland,the vitality of soil urease and protease activity decreased gradually.Similarly,the vitality of alkaline phosphates activity and catalase also decreased.The othernesses of enemy activity existed in different successive stages,the activity of soil protease enzyme was the best.With reverse succession of wetlands,main soil nutrients almost declined.There were significant differences of soil nutrient in different successive stages.The microbial quantity had significant differences in a degraded wetland of the yellow river delta.In soil microbial community,bacteria accounted for the largest proportion,which took absolute advantage in the amount.Secondly is actinomyces,and amount of fungi was the least.Imperata cylindrical community had maximum value on bacteria and fungi while actinomyces reached the maximum at Tamarix chinensis community.The soil enzyme had remarkable positive correlation with nutrients and microbes.Bacteria were closely related to soil urease and catalase enzyme.Fungi had remarkable correlation with soil urease enzyme,catalase enzyme and alkaline phosphate enzyme.