北京市土壤侵蚀监测方法探讨

 为了科学定量评价北京市土壤侵蚀状况，通过北京市地面水土流失监测网络，开展水土流失定点观测，研究北京市土壤侵蚀监测的评价方法。结果表明：利用大量实测资料，基于美国通用土壤流失方程建立的北京土壤流失方程，可以作为北京市土壤侵蚀调查的模型工具；基T GIS和降雨侵蚀力模型的年度土壤侵蚀量推算方法，可作为从小区尺度转换到区域尺度的一种方法；由于网格法没有考虑水土保持措施因子，调查得到的土壤侵蚀量结果比采用抽样调查法得到的结果偏大。北京市土壤侵蚀监测方法的研究可为区域水土流失定量评价和动态监测提供借鉴作用。

Discussion on the soil erosion monitoring method in Beijing City

In order to assess quantitively soil erosion in Beijing, based on ground monitoring network onsoil and water loss, soil and water loss onitoring at location were carried out in flood season, and theevaluating method of regional soil erosion monitoring were discussed in this paper. Results showed that Beijing Soil Loss Equation was built based on USLE and a lot of monitoring data, and this model could be used as a suvey tool for Beijing soil erosion. Based on GIS technology and rainfall erosivity model, the calculation of annual soil erosion could be applied to transfer data from runoff plot to region scale.Because the soil and water conservation factor was not concluded in net method, the soil erosion modulus calculated with net method was higher than that calculated with sampling survey method. Beijing soil erosion monitoring method can be used for reference in evaluating and monitoring on soil and water loss on regional scale.