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蒋家沟流域景观空间格局变化及其干扰效应的模拟分析
引用本文:林勇明,崔鹏,葛永刚,王道杰.蒋家沟流域景观空间格局变化及其干扰效应的模拟分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2010,8(6):32-40.
作者姓名:林勇明  崔鹏  葛永刚  王道杰
作者单位:[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题,国家973项目
摘    要: 为了探讨干扰对强烈侵蚀小流域的景观空间格局影响,使用1973年航片与2006年快鸟影像及地面调查数据,运用景观多样性、景观优势度、景观均匀度等多种景观格局指数对蒋家沟小流域不同时期景观格局进行研究,并采用分室模型对不同干扰强度对景观格局的影响特征进行模拟分析。结果表明:1973—2006年间蒋家沟流域的景观多样性与优势度未有显著的变化,但均匀度及破碎度发生显著变化,景观格局总体上发生强烈改变。从局部上看,流域主要变化景观为阔叶林、针叶林、灌木林与坡耕地,人为干扰与灾害活动的加强导致景观破碎化加剧。利用分室模型模拟干扰影响景观格局的研究表明,加大干扰强度在短期内可促使景观多样性增加,随着时间的推移,景观多样性将不断降低。

关 键 词:景观  空间格局  干扰  模拟  蒋家沟流域

Simulation analysis of the effects of disturbances on landscape pattern dynamics in Jiangjiagou Watershed
Lin Yongming,Cui Peng,Ge Yonggang,Wang Daojie.Simulation analysis of the effects of disturbances on landscape pattern dynamics in Jiangjiagou Watershed[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,8(6):32-40.
Authors:Lin Yongming  Cui Peng  Ge Yonggang  Wang Daojie
Institution:1.College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,350002,Fuzhou;2.Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Conservancy,610041,Chengdu: China)
Abstract:Aimed to discuss landscape pattern dynamics and the effect of disturbances for landscape pattern,aerial photographic images at the scale of 1∶23000 taken in 1973 and Quickbird images taken in 2006 were used.From the images,we distinguished twelve landscape types within our study area: sloping field,paddy,terrace,residential land,broad-leaved forest,coniferous forest,grassland,shrub,bare rock,gully,debris flow fan,and road.Based on GIS technology,landscape indices including diversity index,dominance index,evenness index,etc.and compartment theory were used to analyze the changes of spatial pattern for twelve landscape elements and simulate landscape dynamics under different disturbance scenarios.The results showed that: in the whole,the landscape diversity and dominance changed insignificantly,while evenness and fragmentation changed significantly from 1973 to 2006,and overall landscape spatial pattern altered significantly.In the part,the main changed landscape types were broad-leaved forest,coniferous forest,shrub and sloping field.Meanwhile,the simulation of landscape dynamics under different disturbance scenarios showed that the landscape diversity index and evenness index increased in short term and then decreased due to landscape pattern dominated by one or several landscape elements under disturbances.
Keywords:landscape  spatial pattern  disturbance  simulation  Jiangjiagou Watershed
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