高速公路不同边坡类型对植被恢复的影响

为了解不同护坡模式下边坡防护工程建设初期植被恢复状况,依托北京西六环现有边坡工程,采用系统聚类方法,将12段边坡划分为六棱砖与厚层基材喷播植草2类护坡模式,分析不同模式坡位、坡长、坡向和地形条件对植被恢复的影响。结果表明:1)以厚层基质喷播植草模式为主的Ⅱ类边坡植被恢复效果优于以六棱砖护坡模式为主的Ⅰ类边坡;2)随着演替进程的发展,建植初期植被表现出一定的年际变化规律,2011年植被恢复效果较2010年差;3)坡位、坡长和坡向的不同使植被群落组成存在一定的差异性,Ⅰ类边坡中部植被生长较好,Ⅱ类边坡下部植被恢复效果好,坡长较长的阴向边坡更利于植被恢复;4)六棱砖护坡模式更适宜在山岭重丘区应用,而厚层基质喷播植草护坡模式更适用于平原微丘区。

Influence of different slope type on vegetation restoration of expressway

In order to investigate the vegetation restoration of different slope protection models at the early construction stage, 12 pre-built slopes which are hexagonal tiles （HT） and thick-lift base material and seed spraying engineering protection （TBMSSEP） were divided into two types by cluster analysis with the Sixth Ring Road of West Beijing as research object. This study analyzed the influence of different slope position, slope length, slope aspect and topography on vegetation restoration. The results indicated that： 1 ） Restoration effects of type ]I which of mainly TBMSSEP was better than type I which of mainly HT; 2） Inter-annual change turned out with the succeed procedure at the early stage of vegetation construction, the vegetation restoration effect of 2010 was better than that of 2011 ; 3） Variation of slope position, slope length and slope aspect caused difference on vegetation community composition. Plants at middle slope grew better than other positions for type I while plants at down slope restored better for type Ⅱ. Shady slope with long slope length was in favor of restoration; 4） HT model was more suitable in mountain heavy hilly area while TBMSSEP model was more suitable in plain lightly undulate area.