茅台水源功能区不同林分类型土壤养分特征

为了探讨茅台水源功能区不同林分类型的土壤养分效应,对茅台水源功能区马尾松林、柏木林和马尾松+柏木混交林3种针叶林土壤养分制征进行研究.结果表明:不同针叶林土壤平均养分存在一定的差异,其中有机质、碱解氮、速效钾质量分数均表现为柏木林＞马尾松+柏木混交林＞马尾松林,有效磷质量分数表现为马尾松+柏木混交林＞马尾松林＞柏木林,而全氮质量分数则表现为马尾松+柏木混交林＞柏木林＞马尾松林.统计分析表明:马尾松林和柏木林及马尾松+柏木混交林的有机质、碱解氮质量分数及pH值差异显著(P＜0.05),柏木林与马尾松+柏木混交林的全氮质量分数和pH值差异也显著(P＜0.05),而3种针叶林的有效磷和速效钾质量分数均不存在显著性差异(P＞0.05).相关分析表明:全氮质量分数、有机质质量分数、碱解氮质量分数、pH值相互之间均呈显著性相关,而速效钾质量分数则与全氮、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷质量分数呈显著性相关.另外,参照土壤养分等级评价标准发现:3种针叶林的有效磷和有机质质量分数较高,均在丰富以上；速效钾质量分数则较低,均在中等以下；其他养分则在很丰富和缺乏之间.

Characteristics of soil nutrients of different stand type in Maotai water functional areas

In order to investigate the effect of different stand type on the soil nutrient in Maotai water functional areas,the soil nutrient of three kinds of coniferous forests were studied,such as Pinus massoniana Lamb forest,Cupressus funebris Endl.forest,Pinus massoniana Lamb and Cupressus funebris Endl.mixed forest.The results showed that： there were some differences in the average soil nutrients composition between coniferous forests,in which OM,Avail.N,Avail.K of Cupressus funebris Endl.forest〉 that of Pinus massoniana Lamb and Cupressus funebris Endl.mixed forest 〉that of Pinus massoniana Lamb forest,while Avail.P of Pinus massoniana Lamb and Cupressus funebris Endl.mixed forest 〉that of Pinus massoniana Lamb forest 〉 that of Cupressus funebris Endl.forest,Total N of Pinus massoniana Lamb and Cupressus funebris Endl.mixed forest 〉that of Cupressus funebris Endl.forest 〉that of Pinus massoniana Lamb forest.In addition,statistical analysis showed that OM,Avail.N and pH of three stand types were significantly different（P0.05）.Correlation analysis showed that for Total N,OM,Avail.N and pH there was a great correlation between each other,and Avail.K was significantly related with Total N,OM,Avail.N,Avail.P.Moreover,Referring to the evaluation criteria of soil nutrients,Avail.P and OM of the three forest types was very rich,above the medium level,Avail.K was lower than the medium level,while others’ was between the abundance and deficiency.