煤矸石山废弃地不同植物复垦措施及其对土壤化学性质的影响

 为了筛选出适合煤矸石山废弃地的造林树种和复垦措施,在辽宁省抚顺市,初步研究了不同植物复垦措施对煤矸石山废弃地土壤化学性质和植物生长的影响。结果表明:不同供试植物在煤矸石山废弃地的成活率在21%～85%之间,其中白榆和沙打旺的成活率分别为81%和85%,而小叶杨、刺槐、栾树的成活率均在70%左右,这些植物均适合于在煤矸石山废弃地生长。植物措施能明显提高煤矸石山废弃地不同土层的有机质、全N、全P和全K含量,但提高程度随土壤层厚度和养分种类而不同。在植物复垦中,配合应用生物复合肥料、生物菌剂和保水剂,能改善主要造林树种的生长状况。

Growth of different plant reclamation measures on plant growth and the effect on soil chemical properties in gangue waste land

To select tree species and reclamation measures suitable for gangue waster land, the effects of different reclamation measures on plant growth and soil chemical properties in gangue waste land were studied in Fushun of Liaoning province. The results showed that the survival rate of different plants ranged from 21% to 85%, in which that of Ulmus pumila and Astragalus adsurgens was 81% and 85% respectively and that of Populus simionii, Robinia pseudoacacia and Koelreuteria panaiculata was about 70%. They were suitable to the gangue waste land environment. Vegetation can improve the contents of organic matter, total N, total P and total K in different soil layers, but the degree of improvement varied with soil layers and nutrient varieties. Biological compound fertilizers, biopreparate, water retention agent were utilized together which can improve the growth of the main tree species.