有机肥部分替代化肥对土壤有机碳库和烤烟经济性状的影响

通过连续3年的田间定位施肥试验,研究减量化肥20%配施不同有机肥(精制有机肥和生物有机肥)对植烟土壤总有机碳(TOC)、活性有机碳(LOC)和碳库管理指数(CPMI)以及烤烟经济性状的影响。结果表明:1)在减量化肥20%条件下,配施生物有机肥处理(BIO)的烤烟产值、上等烟比例较当地常规施肥处理(CF)分别提高24.99%、27.27%,较配施精制有机肥处理(OF)分别提高18.68%、24.92%;2)与CF处理相比,OF处理的TOC、LOC和CPMI分别显著增加15.34%、25.06%、25.51%,BIO处理的TOC、LOC和CPMI分别提高20.00%、36.95%、41.75%;与OF处理相比,BIO处理的LOC和CPMI分别显著增加19.50%、12.94%;3)相关分析结果显示,土壤活性有机碳和碳库管理指数与烤烟产值、均价和上中等烟比例呈极显著或显著的正相关关系。可见,在当地土壤肥力条件下,减量化肥20%配施有机肥有利于植烟土壤有机碳的积累,提高土壤活性有机碳含量和碳库管理指数,改善土壤肥力,保障烤烟产量,改善烟叶品质,其中以配施生物有机肥的效果最好,是一种"减肥提质"的良好施肥措施。

Effects of organic fertilizer partial substituted for chemical fertilizer on soil organic carbon pool and economic characters of flue cured tobacco

A long term (three-years) experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of partly replacing (20%) chemical fertilizer by two different organic fertilizers ( refined organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer) on soil organic carbon and the quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results indicated that: 1 ) In the treatment with bio-organic fertilizer ( BIO ) replacing 20 % inorganic fertilizer, tobacco production value and high class tobacco ratio were increased by 24. 99% and 27. 27% com-paring with treatment CF which followed conventional fertilization; and by 18. 68% and 24. 92% comparing with refined organ-ic fertilizer (OF) treated treatment. 2) Compared with treatment of CF, the contents of total organic carbon (TOC), labile organic carbon ( LOC ) and carbon pool management index ( CPMI ) were increased by 15. 34%, 25. 06% and 25. 51%respectively in treatment OF; in the treatment of BIO, the contents of TOC, LOC and CPMI improved 20. 00%, 36. 95% and 41. 75% respectively, comparing with CF; Treatment with BIO showed better performance than OF which was proved by the increasing LOC content and CPMI . 3) LOC and CPMI were significantly positive related with tobacco production value, aver-age price and proportion of high class tobacco leaves. It was concluded that according to local soil fertility, using organic fertil-izer replaced 20% chemical fertilizer, especially BIO, was advantage to the accumulation of soil organic carbon and increasing of LOC content and CPMI, improving soil fertility, increasing tobacco yield and quality.