叶面喷硒对不同作物籽粒硒含量及产量的影响

分析了黑龙江省主栽作物(水稻、大豆、玉米和小麦)叶面喷硒的效果。结果表明:原始籽粒含硒量以大豆最高,玉米最低,顺序为大豆小麦水稻玉米;而施入等量的硒后,4种作物籽粒硒含量都有明显的提升,提升幅度与喷硒量呈正相关,其中以小麦和水稻增加最高,大豆次之,玉米最少,且硒含量均在安全补硒值的范围之内。叶面喷硒后作物增产效果不明显。确定了叶面喷硒的浓度范围为11.25~22.50 g·hm~(-2),即可使水稻、大豆、玉米和小麦籽粒中硒含量满足低硒区居民补硒的需要;施硒时期综合比较,水稻的最佳喷硒时期是在扬花后期,玉米的最佳喷硒时期是在抽雄期,大豆是在初花期,小麦是在孕穗期。腐植酸硒降低了高浓度硒对作物的毒害作用,在生产实际中更具有安全性。

The effect on crop selenium content and yield by foliar application of selenium

The effects of foliar application of Selenium(Se)on rice,soybean,maize and wheat were analyzed.Result showed that the original Se content was the highest in soybean and the lowest in maize,the order was soybean>wheat>rice>maize.After foliar application of Se with same concentration,the grain Se content increased obviously in all the crops,and grain Se content positively correlated with the concentration of Se.In wheat and rice it increased more than other crops,and maize had the lowest Se content,and all the grain Se content was within the range of safe selenium.The range of Se concentration was about 11.25~22.50 g·hm-2,which could meet the needs of the residents in low Se region.The best foliar application period of Se for rice was in the later blooming stage,for maize was in the tasseling stage,for soybean was in the first flowering stage,and for wheat was in the pregnancy stage.Humic acid Se reduced the toxicity of high concentration of Se to crops and it was more safely in production.