不同马铃薯品种的氮效率差异研究

研究不同马铃薯品种氮效率的差异,为氮高效马铃薯品种栽培种植提供参考依据。2016年在大田条件下,设置低氮(150 kg/hm²)和常规氮(300 kg/hm²)两个施氮水平,对27个马铃薯品种氮效率差异及其相关指标进行分析。结果表明,两个施氮水平下,供试马铃薯品种各性状指标均存在差异。以低氮条件下产量平均值、常规施氮条件下产量平均值、耐低氮胁迫指数平均值为依据,将供试马铃薯品种的氮效率分为双高效耐低氮型、双高效不耐低氮型、低氮高效型、高氮高效型和双低效耐低氮型、双低效不耐低氮型6类。2017与2018年通过田间试验对双高效耐低氮型冀张薯12号和双低效不耐低氮型尤佳70进一步研究,发现冀张薯12号氮效率及各生育时期的干物质量和氮素累积量均显著大于尤佳70,该研究可为马铃薯氮高效耐低氮品种的筛选和利用提供依据。

Study on the difference of nitrogen efficiency of different potato varieties

To study the difference of nitrogen efficiency of different potato varieties to provide reference for the cultivation of potato varieties with high nitrogen efficiency,field experiment was conducted by setting up two levels of nitrogen,which was low nitrogen(150 kg/hm²)and conventional nitrogen(300 kg/hm²)in 2016.The differences of nitrogen efficiency and its related indexes among 27 potato varieties were analyzed.The results showed that there were differences in the traits of potato varieties under two nitrogen application levels.Based on the average yield at low nitrogen level,average yield at conventional nitrogen level and average value of low nitrogen stress tolerance index,the nitrogen efficiency of the tested potato varieties was divided into 6 types:double high efficiency with low nitrogen tolerance type,double high efficiency with low nitrogen intolerance type,low nitrogen and high efficiency type,high nitrogen and high efficiency type,double low efficiency with low nitrogen tolerance type,double low efficiency with low nitrogen intolerance type.In 2017 and 2018,field experiments were conducted to further study double high efficiency low nitrogen tolerance type Jizhangshu 12 and double low efficiency low nitrogen intolerance type Youjia 70,and it was found that the nitrogen efficiency,dry matter quality in each growth period and nitrogen accumulation of Jizhangshu 12 were significantly higher than Youjia 70.This study can provide basis for the selection and utilization of potato varieties with high nitrogen efficiency and low nitrogen tolerance.