鸡粪腐解过程中不同溶性腐殖质的动态变化

以鸡粪为材料,添加不同比例的铜、锌进行腐解试验,研究了腐解过程中不同溶性(游离态、松结合态、紧结合态)腐殖质及其组成的动态变化和粪肥中所添加高浓度Cu和Zn对不同提取性的腐殖质及其组成的影响.随着腐解的进行,鸡粪中可提取性的有机碳总体呈下降趋势,与总有机碳(TOC)含量变化趋势一致.在整个腐解过程中,NaOH液浸提提取松结合态腐殖质主要部分,占50%～70%.随着粪肥样品锌含量的增加,松结合态腐殖质在整个腐解期平均分配含量有所增加,而NaOH-Na_4P_2O_7液浸提提取紧结合态腐殖质则有所减少,H_2O浸提提取游离态腐殖质变化较小.随着粪肥样品铜含量的增加,松结合态腐殖质在整个腐解期平均分配含量有所增加,而游离态腐殖质则有所减少,但紧结合态腐殖质变化较小.粪肥中Cu、Zn的浓度高低会影响游离态腐殖质中富里酸(FA)和胡敏酸(HA)占TOC比例的变化趋势,铜含量较高的处理样品的松结合态腐殖质FA/TOC(2: 1和3: 1)下降幅度较大,随后皆有上升趋势,30 d后处于近水平状态,铜含量高的处理样品松结合态腐殖质HA/TOC上升幅度较大,随后呈下降趋势.铜含量较高的处理样品的紧结合态腐殖质FA/TOC(2: 1和3: 1)下降幅度较大,随后皆有上升趋势,45 d后又有所下降.在腐解过程中,各处理粪肥样品紧结合态腐殖质HA/TOC曲线表现"马鞍"形状.游离态、松结合态和紧结合态腐殖质的HA/FA分别与其对应的HA/TOC显极显著正相关关系.

Dynamic changes of different soluble humus substances in chicken manure

Chicken manures added with Cu and Zn were used for composting experiment to study the dynamic changes of different soluble humus substances carbon (expressed as H_2O-HC , NaOH-HC and NaOH-Na_4P_2O_7-HC) and its components such as HA and FA, the effects of added high level Cu and Zn on different insoluble humus substances and its components. With the decomposition, the extractable organic carbon showed decrease trend in chicken manures, which was similar to trend of total organic carbon. The greatest amounts of humus-C was present in NaOH faction, accounting for 50%～70%. With the zinc content increasing, the average content of NaOH-HC increased in the whole composting process, but that of NaOH-Na_4P_2O_7-HC decreased, and that of H_2O-HC had little change. With the increase of copper in the samples, the average content of NaOH-HC also increased in the whole composting process, and that of H_2O-HC decreased, NaOH-Na_4P_2O_7-HC varied small. High Cu and Zn concentrations to the extent affected the level of H_2O-FA/TOC and H_2O-HA/TOC. The ratio of NaOH-FA/TOC in high copper compost samples (2: 1 and 3: 1)showed a larger decrease, and then a increase occurred, level off after 30 d of composing, and NaOH-HA/TOC in high copper compost samples (2: 1 and 3: 1) increased greatly, then followed by a decrease trend. The ratio of NaOH- Na_4P_2O_7-FA/TOC in high copper compost samples (2: 1 and 3: 1) declined greatly, and then followed by a increase, and showed a small decrease after 45 d of composing. During the composing the changes of NaOH-Na_4P_2O_7-HA/TOC showed a curve "saddle" shape in composing process. H_2O-H/F,NaOH-H/F and NaOH-Na_4P_2O_7-H/F were significantly positive correlated to the corresponding HA/TOC, respectively.