作物模型研究与应用中存在的问题

该文以CERES-Wheat、Maize模型为例,系统阐述了作物模型的研究与应用发展情况,分析了模型当中仍然存在的问题,指出在冠层结构与作物光能截获计算方法和作物水分、养分对生长过程的胁迫机理与定量方法方面需要深入的实验研究,以探索其机理,提高模型模拟预测性能.该文强调指出目前绝大多数的作物模型是空间一维的田间尺度模型,借鉴区域生物地球化学循环模拟方法或与分布式水文模型耦合进行尺度扩展开发区域尺度作物模型,既是区域水、土资源评价与管理的应用需求,也将能促进作物模型发展并发挥更大作用.

Development and problems of crop models

The development and problems of crop models were reviewed taking CERES-Wheat and Maize models as examples. Simulation of radiation use under condition of different canopy structures and soil water and nitrogen stresses to crop growth should be forth studied to discuss the mechanism and to improve the predicted properties of models simulation. At present, Most of the available crop models have been developed under frame of one dimensional crop-soil-atmospheric systems. It is suggested that the one-dimensional crop model can be extended to three-dimensional ones by incorporating the simulation of biological chemical recycle and the routing approaches of distributed hydrological models, which is the application demand of regional water and soil resources evaluation and management and can accelerate the development of crop models.