黄土高原小流域淤地坝系统水收支过程的数值解析

黄土高原的淤地坝系统对各小流域水资源再分布发挥着重要的作用。为了分析淤地坝系统的年水收支过程，选取位于黄土高原北部六道沟流域的一座淤地坝系统为研究对象，基于实际的地理条件开发了该淤地坝系统水利计算模型。通过对观测地下水位数据的数值模拟，验证了模型的实用性。2006年的数值计算结果表明：地表径流量、蒸散发量、入渗量以及地下水流出量分别占淤地坝系统总来水量的36.0%、49.3%、11.6%及3.1%。由结果可知：淤地坝系统对水资源再分布的影响主要体现在减少地表径流，增加蒸发及入渗。研究为黄土高原北部淤地坝系统水文循环过程的研究提供了一种实用的数值计算方法。

Numerical analysis of water budget process of check dam system in small basin on Loess Plateau

Check systems play an important role in redistribution of water resources at small basin in Loess Plateau. A check dam system which was located at Liudaogou Basin on the northern Loess Plateau was chosen as the study area to analyze annual water budget of the check dam system. A hydraulic calculation model was developed based on actual geographic conditions. Validity of the model was verified by numerical simulation of the observed groundwater level. The numerical results in 2006 showed that surface runoff, evapotranspiration, downward infiltration and groundwater outflow accounted for 36%, 49.3%, 11.6% and 3.1% of the total water inlet, respectively. The results indicated that the effects of the check dam system on the water resources redistribution were mainly in reduction of surface runoff, increase of evapotranspiration and contribution to downward infiltration. Meanwhile, the proposed numerical method for research on hydrological cycle of the check dam system on the northern Loess Plateau is practical.