中国特色保护性耕作技术

国外多年的保护性耕作实践表明，旱地保护性耕作能减少土壤风蚀水蚀，抑制沙尘暴。项目研究目的是检验保护性耕作技术在我国的适应性、应采取的工艺体系及机具。从1991年开始，中国农业大学和山西省农机局等合作，开始农艺农机结合的保护性耕作系统试验，10年试验表明，保护性耕作不仅减少水土流失，而且增产增收。通过改进保护性耕作工艺，开发研制中小型保护性耕作机具，形成了中国特色的保护性耕作技术。主要特色在于用小型机具在小地块上实现保护性耕作、以及能在贫瘠的土地上获得较高产量，从而满足我国既要保护环境又要提高产量的要求。研究表明，我国北方自然条件、种植制度、经济水平等差别较大，在保护性耕作推广中需要分区采用不同的技术体系。

Conservation tillage technology with Chinese characteristrics

Conservation tillage (CT) has been shown as a wind and water erosion reduction technology from many years, research in developed countries. This program mainly evaluates the suitability of CT to China and what kinds of technology and machinery should be adopted. From 1991, China Agricultural University cooperated with Shanxi Agricultural Mechanization Bureau and so on, commenced systematic CT experiments combined agronomy and mechanization research together. It has been proved that the CT can not only reduce the wind and water erosion, but also increase the crop yield, after 10 years' experiment. Through improvement of CT operations and development of small size CT equipment, the conserration tillage technology with Chinese characteristics is basically formed, which can realize CT in small piece of land with small CT equipment, and can gain higher yield from poor soil. Therefore, it can meet the requirements of protecting environment and increasing farmers' incomes. The study shows that, due to different natural conditions, cropping systems and economical levels, different CT technological systems should be adopted in different regions.