基于限制因子改良与耕地质量潜力耦合的耕地整治分区

科学划定耕地整治重点区对于实现区域土地资源可持续利用具有重要意义。该研究以内蒙古河套-土默川平原为研究区,从农用地可改良限制因子角度出发,采取自然等提升潜力指数模型和局部空间自相关模型划分耕地质量提升潜力区,在耦合限制因子改良程度分级的基础上,确定耕地整治分区。研究结果：1）研究区耕地质量提升主要受限于土壤有机质含量和盐渍化程度,耕地整治难度整体呈现两边高中间低的趋势。2）研究区自然等提升潜力指数呈现西高东低的分布趋势,且耕地质量提升潜力空间差异明显,潜力提升呈现"低-低"聚集特征的耕地多分布在东部,呈现"高-高"聚集特征以及无聚集特征的耕地多分布在西部。3）研究区耕地共划分为4种整治类型,其中重点整治型耕地为0.84万hm2,是实施耕地整治的重点区域;选择整治型耕地为22.22万hm2,应选择其质量提升潜力相对较高且集中连片的地块进行整治;保护整治型耕地为54.98万hm2,应当被划入到基本农田保护区内;不宜整治型耕地为26.46万hm2,应当进行有选择地退出还林还草。该研究提出的研究方法可为细化限制因子在耕地整治分区中的应用提供参考,同时研究成果对半干旱区耕地整治具有现实指导意义。

Farmland consolidation zoning based on coupling of improved limiting factors and farmland quality potential

Sustainable utilization of regional land resources requires to scientifically delimit the key areas of farmland consolidation. In this study, taking the Hetao-Tumechuan plain of Inner Mongolia as the research area, the zoning type of farmland consolidation was determined via coupling the limiting factors on the improvement degree of classification, particularly from the improvable limiting factors of farmland. The promotion potential index model of quality grades, and the local spatial auto correlation model were adopted to divide the improvement potential area of farmland quality. The results showed that: 1) the improvement of farmland quality was mainly limited by the content of soil organic matter and the degree of salinization. The farmland in the grade one of improvement degree for the limiting factors was mainly concentrated in the middle region of study area, while, that of grade two and three was in the eastern and western area. The difficulty of farmland consolidation behaved a trend of "high on both sides but low in the middle". 2) The distribution of promotion potential index in the physical quality grade was high in the West but low in the East. There were obvious spatial differences in the improvement potential of farmland quality. In the eastern Tumechuan plain, the improvement potential of farmland quality mainly presented the "low-low" aggregation distribution, indicating the positive correlation type and concentrated contiguous distribution. In the Western Hetao plain, the improvement potential of farmland quality with "high-high" aggregation type was mainly distributed in the central region, and the farmland area with the "low-low" aggregation type was less and sporadic, as well as the rest of farmland behaved the non-aggregation type. 3) The farmland in the study area was divided into four types. The farmland of key-consolidation type was 0.84×104 hm2. The promotion potential of farmland quality in this type was higher, while, the difficulty of its consolidation was low, indicating the preferred area of farmland consolidation. The farmland of select-consolidation type was 22.22×104 hm2. The promotion potential of farmland quality in this type was general overall, but the difficulty of its consolidation was relatively low, where the land with the relatively high potential for the quality improvement and concentrated contiguous can be chosen to implement the land consolidation. The farmland of protected-consolidation type was 54.98×104 hm2. The promotion potential of farmland quality in this type was general overall, and the difficulty of its consolidation was high, which can be included in the protective zone of prime farmland. The farmland of unsuitable-consolidation type was 24.46×104 hm2. The promotion potential of farmland quality in this type was higher overall, but the difficulty of its consolidation was high, which can be selectively returned to forest and grassland. The proposed method can provide a sound reference for the application of some limiting factors in farmland consolidation zoning in semi-arid areas.