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小麦免耕播种机开沟器对作物生长的试验研究
引用本文:姚宗路,高焕文,王晓燕,李洪文.小麦免耕播种机开沟器对作物生长的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(7):117-121.
作者姓名:姚宗路  高焕文  王晓燕  李洪文
作者单位:中国农业大学工学院,北京,100083
摘    要:为了研究具有不同开沟器的免耕播种机对动力消耗以及作物生长的影响,该文利用3种典型开沟器即短翼尖角、单圆盘和旋耕刀式在一年两熟区玉米收获地的壤土中进行了田间免耕播种试验研究,分别从土壤扰动量、返青期小麦根系状况以及单株干重和产量等方面进行了测定与分析。结果表明,3种开沟器对小麦产量影响不大,但对土壤扰动和耗油量以及返青期的小麦生长影响较大。旋耕刀开沟器土壤扰动较大,高达40%~60%,动力消耗多,返青期小麦的次生根数也最多;单圆盘开沟器播种后土壤扰动较小,仅为10%~15%,动力消耗较小,返青期小麦的次生根数和单株干重也最小;尖角开沟器土壤扰动、耗油量以及小麦根系情况居于其间。因此,可以看出不同的开沟器适应于不同的地区和需要,在保护性耕作实施过程中,可根据当地的气候环境等实际情况来设计或选用。

关 键 词:保护性耕作  免耕播种机  开沟器  种床
文章编号:1002-6819(2007)7-0117-05
收稿时间:7/4/2006 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:9/4/2006 12:00:00 AM

Effect of three furrow openers for no-till wheat seeder on crop growth performance
Yao Zonglu,Gao Huanwen,Wang Xiaoyan and Li Hongwen.Effect of three furrow openers for no-till wheat seeder on crop growth performance[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(7):117-121.
Authors:Yao Zonglu  Gao Huanwen  Wang Xiaoyan and Li Hongwen
Institution:College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract:The structure of furrow opener can affect the power consumption and the wheat early growth.To overcome those problems,three furrow openers,which include the tine opener,the single-disc opener and the rotary opener were studied in the field in Beijing.The soil disturbance,the wheat early growth and the yield were measured and analyzed.The results showed that the yield of different furrow openers were not different statistically(p=0.05),but the different furrow openers could form different seedbed,so it can affect the seed germination,the wheat early growth.The rotary opener can form the loose groove,compared with the tine opener and the single-disc opener,the counts of the adventitious root are the most,but the soil disturbance is bigger,up to 40%~60%,so the power consumption is the highest;The lowest counts of the adventitious root and single plant weight occurred on the condition of single-disc opener,but the soil disturbance is the lowest,with about 10%~50%.So the different furrow openers can adapt to the different areas,people should design and select the suitable furrow openers based on the local characteristics of conservation tillage.
Keywords:conservation tillage  no-till seeder  furrow opener  seedbed
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