首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

三江平原现代农业区景观生态安全时空分异分析
引用本文:于潇,吴克宁,郧文聚,魏洪斌,刘玲,宋英赫,高星.三江平原现代农业区景观生态安全时空分异分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(8):253-259.
作者姓名:于潇  吴克宁  郧文聚  魏洪斌  刘玲  宋英赫  高星
作者单位:1. 中国地质大学 北京 土地科学技术学院,北京 100083; 国土资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京 100035;2. 国土资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京 100035; 国土资源部土地整治中心,北京 100035;3. 中国地质大学 北京 人文经管学院,北京,100083;4. 黑龙江省国土资源勘测规划院,哈尔滨,150090
基金项目:国土资源部土地整治重点实验室开放课题:东北农场不同土地整治技术对生态环境影响的对比分析研究(2014-01-38)。
摘    要:作为与自然关系紧密的生态产业,现代农业不仅是经济社会发展和粮食安全保障的基础,其生态安全也是生态文明建设的重要内容。该研究以位于中国三江平原现代农业区的国营友谊农场为研究区域,以1984年、1995年、2004年和2014年4期Landsat TM/OLI影像为主要数据来源,以景观格局安全指数和生态质量指数为变量构建现代农业区景观生态安全评价模型,对近30 a来研究区的景观生态安全时空分异进行分析。结果表明:研究区景观生态安全格局变化明显,4个时期研究区的景观生态安全指数依次为0.65、0.57、0.55和0.60,整体呈现出先下降后回升的趋势;景观生态安全值的空间集聚性呈先增加后降低的趋势,生态安全分布的热点和冷点面积比例持续降低,不显著区域的面积比例持续增加。研究结果一方面说明农业开发对景观生态系统具有一定的负面影响,另一方面也说明积极的土地整治对景观生态安全具有促进作用,为此,后续的土地整治工作应在促进现代农业发展的同时,保障土地资源的可持续利用。

关 键 词:土地利用  生态  遥感  三江平原  现代农业区  景观生态安全
收稿时间:9/5/2015 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:2016/2/20 0:00:00

Analysis on temporal and spatial variation of landscape ecological security in modern agricultural area
Yu Xiao,Wu Kening,Yun Wenju,Wei Hongbin,Liu Ling,Song Yinghe and Gao Xing.Analysis on temporal and spatial variation of landscape ecological security in modern agricultural area[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(8):253-259.
Authors:Yu Xiao  Wu Kening  Yun Wenju  Wei Hongbin  Liu Ling  Song Yinghe and Gao Xing
Institution:Yu Xiao;Wu Kening;Yun Wenju;Wei Hongbin;Liu Ling;Song Yinghe;Gao Xing;School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing);Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality, Ministry of Land and Resources;Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Centre, Ministry of Land and Resources;School of Humanities and Economic Management, China University of Geosciences (Beijing);Land Surveying and Planning Institute of Heilongjiang Province;
Abstract:Abstract: Modern agriculture is the foundation of national economic and social development, and because of its close correlations with nature, the landscape ecological security of modern agricultural region plays an important role in China's ecological reconstruction. The concept of landscape ecological security (LSES) can be described in both special and general ways. Based on the special definition, LSES is evaluated by the level of natural or human disturbance and the vulnerability of each landscape type in typical model. In this model, the level of disturbance is basically measured by landscape pattern indexes such as landscape fragmentation, isolation, dominance and diversity. The vulnerability of each type of landscape is mostly decided by expert experiences. Thus, the disadvantage of typical LSES evaluation model is that it cannot evaluate the ecological effects of the change of landscape types. Based on the general definition of LSES, some studies introduce P-S-R model on LSES evaluation. The advantage of P-S-R model is that it offers a wider range of index options. However, some of these indexes are based on economic and social statistic data, and they are limited by time and spatial scale of statistics. For these reasons, we built a landscape pattern security index (LSPS) based on the traditional LSES model to evaluate the disturbance of nature or human on landscape pattern and the vulnerability of landscape types. Ecological quality index (EQ) was introduced as a supplement to evaluate the effects of the disturbance on the health and service function of ecosystem. With this method, the LSES change of modern agricultural region during last 30 years was analyzed by a case study on the state-owned Youyi farm in the Sanjiang plain, and the four phases of Landsat TM/OLI images in the year of 1984, 1995, 2004 and 2014 were the main data sources. The major land use/cover types of study area were reclassified into seven classes including construction land, dry land and paddy field (arable land), grass land, water area, natural wetland and forest. Results showed that during the last 30 years, the intense arable land exploitation had resulted in an obvious land use and cover change, which had led to a series of positive or negative ecological consequences. The proportion of arable land area had increased from 54.61% to 76.58%, and natural wetland had declined from 22.24% to 1.60%. By an analysis on land use change matrix, the major type of land use/cover change during the whole period was a conversion from the natural wetland to the dry land, and finally to the paddy field. The time variation trend of LSES in the study area was obviously regular, and the value of LSES in the year of 1984, 1995, 2004 and 2014 were 0.65, 0.57, 0.55 and 0.60 respectively. From 1984 to 1995, the regional LSES showed a decline trend. Because of the implementation of land consolidation, which had basically restored the regional landscape fragmentation, the descent rate of LSES from 1995 to 2004 had slowed down. However, natural wetland loss caused by massive cultivated land expansion still led to a decline of LSES. From 2004 to 2014, more than half of dry land had converted into paddy field during the implementation of land consolidation project. Therefore, the increasing coverage of artificial wetland had, to some extent, restored the loss of ecosystem service value caused by the diminishing natural wetland. During the whole study period, the spatial autocorrelations of LSES were significantly (P<0.05) clustered. The value of Moran's I increased from 0.5548 of 1984 to 0.5851 of 1995, and declined to 0.2564 of 2014. The descent trend of Moran's I during the lasts 20 years might be caused by the continuous implementation of land consolidation which had changed the original structure of landscape ecosystem, and the unstable of newly formed pattern of LSES. The result of local autocorrelation of LSES showed that the area percentage of H-H and L-L kept declining, and the area percentage of no significance kept increasing during the last 30 years. This might attribute to the land use/cover change caused by modern agriculture development that had brought negative effects on the landscape ecosystem, and land consolidation that also had restored the fragmented landscape pattern and damaged ecosystem service function. Thus, in order to realize the sustainable development of modern agriculture, the future land consolidation should reinforce the multiple objectives of improving the quality of arable land as well as ensuring the regional ecological security. Verified by the empirical study, the method we proposed can be used to accurately analyze the succession trends of landscape ecosystem caused by natural or human disturbance at both overall and local levels, and the method has a broad applicability on landscape ecological security evaluation in other regions.
Keywords:land use  ecology  remote sensing  Sanjiang Plain  modern agricultural area  landscape ecological security
本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号