作物生态适宜性定量化评价方法及通用工具

该文研究了作物生态适宜性定量化评价方法。针对环境适宜程度的量化问题,提出了四基点生态距离计算方法,模拟了限制性因素及一般性因素的区别;在评价结果分级中,提出了二次阈值方法,将生态学意义清晰与不清晰的部分进行分离;提出了作物生态适宜性评价过程的数字化表达方法。在以上3项工作的基础上,研发了作物生态适宜性评价工具软件。以北京市冬小麦适宜性评价为例进行了应用,结果表明该评价方法和工具可以容纳主要的评价因子及主流的评价算法,具有实用性。

Quantitative evaluation method and universal tool for crop ecological suitability

This article attempts to establish a framework of quantitative evaluation method and implement a universal tool (software) for evaluating crop ecological suitability based on the framework. Three improvements were made in quantitative evaluation method: 1) ecological distance calculated with four basic points is used to weigh the fitness of environmental factors, which can represent the thresholds of vital factors and common factors with different basic points; 2) double-threshold-setting method is used in result grading, which can separate the components with obscure ecological meanings from those with obvious ecological meanings; 3) a digital and structured expression of suitability evaluation process is presented. With the improved method, we have developed a universal evaluation tool implementing a quantitative evaluation, which can help agriculture experts without IT engineering knowledge. As an application, we implement a quantitative evaluation of ecological suitability of winter wheat in Beijing area. The experiment shows that the tool can accommodate most kinds of environmental factors as well as evaluation algorithms.