Anammox反应器的启动及其菌群演变的研究

为了研究工艺条件对反应器内微生物多样性的影响，该论文采用城市污水处理厂活性污泥接种，通过培育硝化污泥，进行了启动厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)反应器的试验，并对启动过程中细菌的多样性变化作了跟踪研究。研究结果表明，以好氧活性污泥作为接种物，可成功地培育硝化生物膜；通过反应器运行条件的控制，硝化生物膜可从进行好氧氨氧化反应过渡到进行厌氧氨氧化反应。在此过程中，异养型细菌的数量大幅度下降，硝化细菌、反硝化细菌和厌氧氨氧化细菌的数量增大，推测它们都与厌氧氨氧化作用有关。运用PCR-DGGE技术证明，随着反应器运行时间的延长，菌群发生明显变化并呈现简化趋势。

Start-up of anammox reactor and evolvement of bacterial colonies

The nitrification biofilm was cultivated with the activated sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant. Under controlled conditions the nitrification biofilm was successfully transitted from nitrification to anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox). During the whole process the number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased, but the number of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria increased. The increase of three bacterial colonies was supposed to relate to anammox. The result from PCR-DGGE(polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) analysis showed that the bacterial colonies obviously changed and the bacterial biodiversity became poorer as the operation time of the anammox bioreactor went on.