地下咸水滴灌对内蒙古河套地区蜜瓜用水效率和产量品质影响的试验研究

在内蒙古河套灌区长胜试验站进行了蜜瓜的微咸水滴灌适宜性试验研究。灌溉水源为地下微咸水，水质的电导率从生育初期的3.3 dS/m到收获期的6.3 dS/m。该试验采用4种灌溉处理：按蒸发量的30%、60%、90%灌水(一行作物分别铺1、2、3条滴灌带)及不灌水的对照处理。各处理的灌溉水质和灌溉时间、灌水次数相同。试验结果表明：用微咸水滴灌灌溉的蜜瓜与不灌溉的蜜瓜相比，产量和品质都有较大的提高。60%处理的西瓜产量最高。4种处理(对照，30%，60%和90%)的水分生产效率分别为：25，20.5，18和11.37 kg/m³。在微咸水滴灌情况下，各处理土壤剖面盐分分布基本相似，表层土壤(0～10 cm)盐分积累高于下层土壤。各处理距离滴头50 cm处各剖面的盐渍度要高于距离滴头10 cm处各剖面的盐渍度。3种处理在灌溉结束后，土壤剖面的平均盐渍度和灌溉初期相比，基本没有形成土壤盐分的累积。

Experimental investigation into effects of drip irrigation with saline groundwater on water use efficiency and quality of honeydew melons in Hetao Region, Inner Mongolia

A study on the suitability of honeydew melons drip irrigated with saline groundwater was conducted in Changsheng Experimental Station in Hetao Region, where secondary soil salinity has been a problem for a long time. Saline groundwater, ranging from 3.3 dS/m in the early season to 6.3 dS/m at the harvest, was used as the source of the drip irrigation system. Four irrigation treatments were used for the experiments, namely, 30%, 60%, and 90% of evaporation and control. The control was not irrigated throughout the season as is the local practice. zero, 1, 2, and 3 laterals of equal flow rate were used in the drip system for applying water to control, 30%, 60%, and 90% treatment respectively at the same period of time and same frequency. The results showed that the yield of honeydew melons increased and the quality of those under treatments of drip irrigation improved, as compared with those under control, with highest increases in yield of honeydew melons under 60% treatment. The water use efficiency as determined by lysimeter measurements for different treatments had the same trend. The water production efficiency of the four treatments was 25, 20.5, 18, and 11.37 kg/m 3, respectively. The pattern of soil salinity for three drip treatments was similar. Salts accumulated at the top layer of soil (0~10 cm) adjacent to the emitter. As well, it seemed that higher soil salinity was found at locations 50 cm from emitters than those 10 cm from emitters. However, it seemed that a great amount of salts were leached beyond the root zone under the treatments with 60% and 90% of evaporation, which suggested the feasibility of drip irrigating honeydew melons grown in the saline soils with saline water.