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轻小型喷滴灌两用机组管路的优化配置及性能试验
引用本文:袁寿其,胡 斌,王新坤,朱兴业,涂 琴.轻小型喷滴灌两用机组管路的优化配置及性能试验[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(3):56-62.
作者姓名:袁寿其  胡 斌  王新坤  朱兴业  涂 琴
作者单位:江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,镇江 212013;江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,镇江 212013;江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,镇江 212013;江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,镇江 212013;江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,镇江 212013
基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2011AA100506);江苏大学第12批科研立项资助项目(12B068);中国博士后科学基金(2013M530239)。
摘    要:为解决现有机组配置不尽合理、能耗高的问题,设计研发一种轻小型喷滴灌两用机组,可实现喷灌和滴灌2种灌水方式。机组采用喷滴灌双工况泵50ZB-25C,配置灌水器为双喷嘴摇臂式喷头15PY2及额定流量为2.7 L/h的内镶式滴灌管。采用理论计算与试验验证相结合的方法,对机组运行参数及田间水量分布特性进行了分析。在理论分析中,应用遗传算法,以低能耗、高效率为目标进行管路的优化配置并计算机组运行参数,确定机组配置7个15PY2喷头及34条滴灌管时为最佳配置,与单一(额定)工况相比,能耗降低9.4%。在最佳配置下进行室外试验,结果表明,机组运行参数试验值与理论计算值相吻合,相对误差仅为1.08%~2.40%,主要受风速及地形坡度影响。机组喷灌均匀系数可达80.0%,滴灌均匀系数达93.6%,均高于国家标准,机组性能优越。

关 键 词:喷滴灌  两用机组  优化配置  室外试验  均匀系数
收稿时间:2013/7/15 0:00:00
修稿时间:2013/12/21 0:00:00

Optimum configuration and performance experiment of sprinkler-drip dual-purpose irrigation machine
Yuan Shouqi,Hu Bin,Wang Xinkun,Zhu Xingye and Tu Qin.Optimum configuration and performance experiment of sprinkler-drip dual-purpose irrigation machine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(3):56-62.
Authors:Yuan Shouqi  Hu Bin  Wang Xinkun  Zhu Xingye and Tu Qin
Institution:Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Abstract:Abstract: As the water shortage is becoming more and more serious, water-saving irrigation has become an important part of agriculture modernization. Raising the level of agricultural mechanization and improving the utility ratio of water are necessary ways to access agriculture modernization. Light weight and small size movable sprinkler irrigation machines have been widely used as new important agricultural equipment. However, most studies have focused on the light and small sprinkler machine which worked under a single loading case or a large-scale fixed sprinkler-drip dual-purpose irrigation machine. In order to realize a reasonable configuration and low energy consumption, a new light small-moving type of machine with a dual purpose of sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation was introduced, which made the changes of irrigation mode available in accordance with the growth status of different crops or various terrains. The dual-operation irrigation pump 50ZB-25C was used, which was designed by a DOE experiment design and factorial analysis by Jiangsu University. And the 15PY2 impact-drive sprinkler with double nozzles and drip irrigation tube with the rated flow of 2.7 L/h were selected. The running parameters and the water distribution uniformity of the machine were studied by both theoretical analysis and outdoor experiments. In theoretical analysis, the reasonable configuration and optimization design of the system could use the advantages in reducing the energy consumption and maximizing the efficiency of the machine. Finally, the best configuration was determined by using the genetic algorithm for the objective function of minimal energy consumption and high efficiency, the number of the sprinklers was 7, and the number of the drip irrigation tubes was 34. Compared with the rated condition which the machine works under, the energy consumption was reduced by 9.4% under the best configuration. The outdoor experiments were carried out under this configuration. The he experimental results of the operation parameters were consistent with the theoretical values, the relative error of which was 1.08%-2.40%, mainly affected by the wind and terrain slope. It showed that the genetic algorithm had both theoretical and practical significance in the design of the sprinkler irrigation machine. The water distribution uniformity of the machine was also studied by the experiments and the uniformity coefficient of both the sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation were tested out. The sprinkler uniformity coefficient was 80.0%, and drip irrigation uniformity coefficient reached 93.6%, which were higher than those of the official standard. The data indicated that the machine has superior performance and can help to raise the level of agricultural mechanization in China.
Keywords:agricultural machinery  experiment  optimization  sprinkler and drip irrigation  dual-purpose machine  optimum configuration  uniformity coefficient
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