石羊河流域多目标水资源配置模型及其应用

石羊河位于甘肃河西走廊内陆河流域，降雨稀少，生态环境脆弱，水是控制生态系统演变和限制社会经济发展的关键因子，水资源的合理配置是流域水资源持续利用的基础。遵循生态平衡原则、效率原则以及公平性原则，以流域生态需水满足度最大为生态目标、流域总的净效益最大为经济目标、流域内各计算单元人均净效益变率的均方差最小为社会公平目标，建立了水资源配置多目标评价函数。从供水、节水、结构调整、虚拟水等措施假设不同的水资源模拟配置情景，通过计算单元优化配置模型和水资源转化模拟模型的耦合模型得到各方案的配置结果，由多目标评价函数评价各方案的优劣，提出了流域水资源合理配置的方案。

Multi-objectives allocation model of water resources and its application in the Shiyang River basin

The Shiyang River basin is an inland river basin in the Hexi Corridor, Gansu province, northwest China. It is known for its scarce rainfall and fragile ecosystem. Water is a key facter to control the local ecosystem evolution and to constrain social-economic development. The reasonable allocation of water resources is the foundation of water resources sustainable utilization in the basin. Under the three criteria of ecosystem balance, efficiency and equity, a multi-objectives evaluation funcion of water resources allocation was established, in which the ecological objective was described as to satisfy the maximum ecological water requirement, economic objective was maximal net benefit, and social equity objective was minimum mean square error of variability of per capita net benefit for each calculating element. The water resources allocation scenarioes were set from different measurements, such as supply water, saving water, crop plant structure regulation and virtual water trade. The allocation results were obtained through the coupling model of the calculated unit optimal model and water resources transfer simulation model. And a water resources allocation scenario is provided by multi-objective evaluation function.