多因子空间插值模型在农作物病虫害监测预警系统中的构建及应用

农作物病虫害监测预警系统中，监测站点数量一般较少，监测的数据非常有限。因此，利用有限的病虫害监测数据，展现病虫害的整体空间分布情况及其时空变化，迫切需要建立符合病虫害发展规律的空间插值模型。该文在结合各类空间插值算法优点的基础上，考虑农作物病虫害空间插值的特殊性，提出了基于空间方位关系、拓扑关系、距离关系以及自然气候条件影响的多因子插值模型。在广东省各县区分布图的基础上，利用空间方位关系、拓扑关系、距离关系等三类最基本的空间关系，确定各县区的空间相互影响因子，并将各种自然气候条件，如：气温、气候、风向、风速等纳入到影响因子中，构建插值模型，然后在已有部分县区测报站的病虫害数据的基础上，利用插值模型内插出其他县区的病虫害数据，展示病虫害对周围环境的影响，以及病虫情的传递速度，实现病虫害的监测预警。

Buildup and application of multi-factor spatial interpolation model in the monitoring and warning system for crop diseases and insect pests

In the monitoring and warning system for crop diseases and insect pests, the amount of monitoring spots is smaller and the monitored data are very limited. Therefore, How to use the limited data to show the general spatial distribution and time-spatial change of crop diseases and insect pests is the key to build the efficient spatial interpolation model. By analyzing the advantages of all kinds of spatial interpolation algorithms and considering the particularity of spatial interpolation on the crop diseases and insect pests in agriculture, the authors bring forward one new method: multi-factor spatial interpolation model. It refers to many factors, such as spatial orientation relationship, topological relationship, distance relationship and national weather conditions. Moreover, the model is applied to the interpolation of crop diseases and insect pests in Guangdong Province. First, the spatial relationships, such as orientation relationship, topological relationship, distance relationship, were used to build up the spatial influencing factors between various counties in Guangdong Province. Then, the national weather conditions, such as air temperature, climate, wind direction and wind speed, are introduced into the influencing factors in order to construct the spatial interpolation model. At last, on the basis of the raw data of crop diseases and insect pests, the other data of crop diseases and insect pests are gained by using the multi-factor spatial interpolation model, which shows the effluence and spread speed of crop diseases and insect pests and implements the monitoring and warning of crop diseases and insect pests.