基于景观安全格局的农村居民点用地布局优化

农村居民点用地布局优化不仅是农村土地整治的基础,也是新农村建设和实现美丽乡村的重要路径。该文以江苏省宜兴市为例,根据其经济发达、生态环境优越以及风景名胜众多的特点以及农村居民点用地特征,运用景观安全格局理论和最小累积阻力模型相结合的方法,分别从水土保持、生物多样性保护和风景名胜保护三方面构建单一景观安全格局,进而建立宜兴市农村居民点用地布局综合景观安全格局。通过与宜兴市农村居民点用地的叠加分析,针对不同景观安全水平的农村居民点提出不同的布局优化方向,将宜兴市农村居民点用地划分为优先整治型、限制扩展型、适度建设型、重点发展型4种类型,分析各类型现状特征并提出优化方案。研究结果强调农村居民点用地布局工作中生态环境和景观保护优先的思想,不仅为当地新农村建设提供理论支撑,而且为相关规划制定提供参考。

Layout optimization of rural residential land based on theory of landscape security pattern

Rural residential land layout optimization not only provides a foundation for rural land consolidation, but also plays an important role in the New Countryside Construction and Beautiful Village programs. As an important land use type, rural residential land accounts for a large proportion of construction land in China. Numerous studies have shown that the layout of rural residential land is influenced by physical, economic and social factors, whose impacts vary across different regions. Yixing city, located in the developed southern region of Jiangsu province is chosen as the study area. As economic factors are no longer the dominant factors limiting rural residential land layout in Yixing city, other factors such as ecological preservation and scenic resources conservation exert more influence instead. According to the theory of landscape security pattern, some point elements, linear elements and surface elements in space play essential roles in the formation of regional landscape, and thus combine to form the regional landscape security pattern. In this paper, the theory of landscape security pattern is applied in the optimization of rural residential land layout in Yixing city, focusing especially on consideration of ecological preservation and scenic resources conservation.