首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

不同油菜品种适栽期机械化移栽植株形态特征研究
引用本文:刘明峰,胡先朋,廖宜涛,廖庆喜,万星宇,冀牧野.不同油菜品种适栽期机械化移栽植株形态特征研究[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(25):79-88.
作者姓名:刘明峰  胡先朋  廖宜涛  廖庆喜  万星宇  冀牧野
作者单位:华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070,华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070,华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070,华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070,华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070,华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070
基金项目:国家油菜产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-13);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2014PY033);武汉市高新技术产业科技创新团队(2014070504020240)
摘    要:油菜机械化移栽效果取决于移栽机栽植执行器结构和运动参数与移栽苗植株形态特征的耦合度。该文针对当前油菜移栽机械化程度低植株形态特征与栽植机构不匹配的实际问题,选择8个甘蓝型杂交油菜品在播种后28~40 d的适栽期内,应用LA-S系列植物图像分析仪进行了植株形态特征(苗长、苗幅宽、株形锥角、根长和根直径)的系统试验研究,并根据试验结果分析确定了油菜移栽机鸭嘴式栽植器部分结构参数和工作参数的合理设计区间。试验结果表明:不同油菜品种苗长、苗幅宽、株形锥角和根长差异显著;油菜苗播种后28~40 d适载期内植株形态特征服从正态或偏态分布;所构建的播种后28~40 d的适栽期内植株形态特征的生长模型表明,不同油菜品种的植株苗长、苗幅宽、根长和根直径等特征随生长时间增加呈正线性关系,平均相关系数为0.9736;株型锥角呈负线性关系,平均相关系数为0.9818。研究表明,油菜移栽应优选适应机械化移栽的品种,并根据植株发育形态调整油菜苗移栽时间,实现油菜机械化移栽的农机农艺融合。该研究可为油菜移栽机结构设计和优化提供依据。

关 键 词:机械化  移栽  作物生长模型  油菜苗  植株形态

Morphological parameters characteristics of mechanically transplanted plant in suitable transplanting period for different rape varieties
Liu Mingfeng,Hu Xianpeng,Liao Yitao,Liao Qingxi,Wan Xingyu and Ji Muye.Morphological parameters characteristics of mechanically transplanted plant in suitable transplanting period for different rape varieties[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(25):79-88.
Authors:Liu Mingfeng  Hu Xianpeng  Liao Yitao  Liao Qingxi  Wan Xingyu and Ji Muye
Institution:College of engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China,College of engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China,College of engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China,College of engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China,College of engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China and College of engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Abstract:Abstract: The effects of rape seedling mechanical transplanting depend on the coupling degree between structure and motion parameters of the planting unit and characteristics of plant morphological parameters. Until now, some researches about the integration of agricultural and agronomic of rapeseed trans planter were carried out, and the links between structural and operating parameters of rapeseed trans planter and rapeseed planting agronomic requirements were established. Though some physical characteristics of rape seedling were measured and analyzed, there were lacks of the studies on characteristics of rape seedling morphological parameters. The morphological parameters of rape seedling are unique, which are affected by the biological characteristics that include the variety, seedling age and individual circumstances. Based on the current reality that the level of mechanical transplanting for rape seedling is low and there is a scarce link between characteristics of plant morphological parameters and the traditional design of trans planter, the research on characteristics of plant morphological parameters about 8 hybrid rape varieties for mechanical transplanting was carried out with the LA-S image processing system in this paper. The characteristics of rape seedling morphological parameters were measured during 28 to 40 days after sowing, which include seedling height, seedling width, seedling cone angle, root length and root diameter. The distribution and growth difference of rape seedling morphological parameters were analyzed. And the reasonable structure and operating parameters of rapeseed trans planter were pointed out, as follow, the appropriate length of the duckbill type planting unit is within the range of 170 mm to 270 mm, the appropriate cone angle of the planting unit is within the range of 35o to 45o, the minimum height of the planting locus is 260 mm, the maximum opening width of the planting unit is 140mm, and the planting depth is adjustable within the range of 60mm to 100mm. The result showed that there were significant differences between some rape varieties in seedling height, seedling width, seedling cone angle and root length. The characteristics of plant morphological parameters during 28 to 40 days after sowing were subjected to normal or skewed distribution, of which the skewness were between -0.48 and 1.61, the kurtosis were between 2.00 and 7.63, the coefficient of variation were between 11.42% and 34.72%. The growth models of the rape seedling morphological parameters during 28 to 40 days after sowing were established, which indicated that there were positive linear relationship between the characteristics of plant morphological parameters including seedling height, seedling width, root length and root diameter and time, the average correlation coefficient was 0.9736, there were negative linear relationship between seedling cone angle and time, the average correlation coefficient was 0.9818. The study showed that it was better to choose the appropriate rape varieties which were suitable for mechanized transplanting and adjust the transplanting time according to the plant developmental morphology, to achieve the integration of agricultural and agronomic for rape mechanical transplanting. In conclude, the research on characteristics of rape seedling morphological parameters provide useful guidance for the design and optimization of rapeseed trans planter.
Keywords:mechanization  transplants  crop growth model  variety  growth model
点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号