首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

秸秆覆盖对不同初始含水率土壤产沙过程的影响
引用本文:刘柳松,任红艳,史学正,于东升,王洪杰,孙维侠,张黎明.秸秆覆盖对不同初始含水率土壤产沙过程的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(1):106-112.
作者姓名:刘柳松  任红艳  史学正  于东升  王洪杰  孙维侠  张黎明
作者单位:1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京,210008;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100039
2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京,210008
3. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京,210008;南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京,210095
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2007CB407206);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(40621001);中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目(ISSASIP0715)资助
摘    要:秸秆覆盖是防治水土流失最有效的措施之一。该文通过模拟降雨(降雨强度为60 mm/h,降雨历时1 h)研究坡耕地在不同土壤初始含水率状态下秸秆覆盖变化对产沙过程的影响。试验地位于中国科学院红壤生态实验站,土壤类型为耕作铝质湿润淋溶土,试验小区为12 m×3 m,坡度为9%。处理分为5个水平的覆盖度(0、15%、30%、60%和90%)和2种土壤初始含水率(干态和湿态)。结果表明,在0、15%、30%、60%和90%覆盖度下,干态土壤平均产沙速率依次为24.5、15.8、10.4、11.2和1.0 g/(m2·h),同一覆盖度下产沙速率在模拟降雨时段内略微增大。湿态土壤条件下平均产沙速率依次为115.6、70.0、49.6、34.8和31.9 g/(m2·h),同一覆盖度下产沙速率在模拟降雨时段内下降明显。0、15%、30%、60%和90%覆盖度下平衡时产沙速率依次为52.5、30.5、22.8、19.8和15.4 g/(m2·h)。另外,5个水平的覆盖度中,30%的花生秸秆覆盖降低不同前期含水率下土壤产沙速率50%以上。因此,不同前期含水率情况下土壤产沙速率对秸秆覆盖度变化的响应非常明显,30%秸秆覆盖具有较为经济的水土保持效果。

关 键 词:土壤含水率,侵蚀,秸杆,覆盖,产沙速率,模拟降雨
收稿时间:2008/11/24 0:00:00
修稿时间:2009/5/25 0:00:00

Effect of straw mulching on sediment yielding process of soil with different initial water contents
Liu Liusong,Ren Hongyan,Shi Xuezheng,Yu Dongsheng,Wang Hongjie,Sun Weixia,Zhang Liming.Effect of straw mulching on sediment yielding process of soil with different initial water contents[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2010,26(1):106-112.
Authors:Liu Liusong  Ren Hongyan  Shi Xuezheng  Yu Dongsheng  Wang Hongjie  Sun Weixia  Zhang Liming
Institution:1.State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/a>;Institute of Soil Science/a>;Chinese Academy of Sciences/a>;Nanjing 210008/a>;China/a>;2.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences/a>;Beijing 100039/a>;3.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/a>;Nanjing Agricultural University/a>;Nanjing 210095/a>;China
Abstract:Mulch with a layer of plant residue is an effective method for water and soil conservation. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of antecedent soil moisture and straw mulching on sediment yielding process using rainfall simulator. The rainfall simulator was used to create rainfall intensity of 60 mm/h for 1 h. The study site was located at the ecological experimental research station of red soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in Yujiang County, Jiangxi Province of China. The soil used in this study was cultivated cambisol derived from red sandstone. The erosion plot was 12 m in length and 3 m in width with a slope of 9%. Antecedent soil moisture levels (dry, wet) and coverage degrees of straw mulching (0, 15%, 30%, 60% and 90%) were considered as two independent variables in this factorial design experiment. For the dry soils with the coverage degrees of 0, 15%, 30%, 60% and 90%, the average sediment yield rates within one hour was 24.5, 15.8, 10.4, 11.2, and 1.0 g/(m2?h), respectively. The sediment yield rates of the dry soils tended to increase slightly in the rainfall duration for a given percent ground cover. For the wet soils with the coverage degrees of 0, 15%, 30%, 60% and 90%, the average sediment yield rates with one hour were 115.6, 70.0, 49.6, 34.8, 31.9 g/(m2·h), respectively. Sediment yield rate of the wet soil decreased quickly during the simulated rainfall for a given percent ground cover. The average sediment yield rates in stable condition were 52.5, 30.5, 22.8, 19.8 and 15.4 g/(m2·h) with the coverage degrees of 0, 15%, 30%, 60% and 90%, respectively. The results indicate that coverage degree significantly affect sediment yield rate. Also, the coverage degree of 30% will effectively control runoff and soil loss.
Keywords:soil moisture  erosion  straw  mulching  sediment yield rate  simulated rainfall
本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号