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中国农业航空发展现状及对策建议
引用本文:周志艳,明锐,臧禹,何新刚,罗锡文,兰玉彬.中国农业航空发展现状及对策建议[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(20):1-13.
作者姓名:周志艳  明锐  臧禹  何新刚  罗锡文  兰玉彬
作者单位:1. 华南农业大学工程学院/广东省农业航空应用工程技术研究中心,广州 510642;国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心,广州 510642;农业航空产业技术创新战略联盟秘书处,广州 510642;南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙 410128;2. 华南农业大学工程学院/广东省农业航空应用工程技术研究中心,广州 510642;国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心,广州 510642;农业航空产业技术创新战略联盟秘书处,广州 510642
基金项目:广东省科技计划项目(2014B090904073,2015B020206003,2017B090907031);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2017LM2153);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200700)
摘    要:农业航空是现代农业的重要组成部分,为全面、深入地了解中国农业航空行业的发展现状和趋势,同时反映行业面临的困难和问题,增强社会公众对农业航空的了解和认知,推动农业航空行业的健康快速发展,农业航空产业技术创新战略联盟秘书处组织编写了《中国农业航空行业发展报告》。该文以该报告为基础,从有人驾驶航空器和无人驾驶航空器涉农航化作业2个方面对近年来中国农业航空行业的发展情况进行了综述,比较全面地展示了中国农业航空行业的总体状况,分析了目前行业发展中有人驾驶航空器农林航化作业时间稳步增长、无人驾驶航空器发展势头良好的特点,以及在行业标准、法规体系、核心技术以及配套经营主体、社会化服务等方面存在的亟待解决的主要问题:行业标准规范的建设滞后,尚未形成完善的标准化体系;农业航空相关政策及法规体系不健全;研发经费投入不足,共性核心关键技术研究滞后;发展模式未成型,社会化组织的服务能力不强;企业规模小,产业结构不合理,市场无序竞争。随后,针对上述问题,该文从管理、模式、标准、创新、应用和政策6个方面提出了进一步促进中国农业航空行业健康发展的对策与建议,包括应进一步明确中国农业航空的管理办法、探讨中国农业航空的发展模式、加强技术标准和规范的制定、加强关键技术协同创新研究、加强技术推广应用以及制定促进中国农业航空发展的政策等,可为政府引导行业发展和企业规划自身发展提供参考。

关 键 词:农业  航空  无人机  遥感  植保  对策建议
收稿时间:2017/10/10 0:00:00

Development status and countermeasures of agricultural aviation in China
Zhou Zhiyan,Ming Rui,Zang Yu,He Xingang,Luo Xiwen and Lan Yubin.Development status and countermeasures of agricultural aviation in China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(20):1-13.
Authors:Zhou Zhiyan  Ming Rui  Zang Yu  He Xingang  Luo Xiwen and Lan Yubin
Institution:1. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Academy of Agricultural and Applied Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. National Joint Research Center for Precision Agricultural Aviation Application Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China; 3. Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Aviation, Guangzhou 510642, China; 4. Southern Grain and Oil Crops Collaborative Innovation Center, Changsha 410128, China;,1. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Academy of Agricultural and Applied Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. National Joint Research Center for Precision Agricultural Aviation Application Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China; 3. Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Aviation, Guangzhou 510642, China;,1. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Academy of Agricultural and Applied Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. National Joint Research Center for Precision Agricultural Aviation Application Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China; 3. Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Aviation, Guangzhou 510642, China;,1. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Academy of Agricultural and Applied Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. National Joint Research Center for Precision Agricultural Aviation Application Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China; 3. Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Aviation, Guangzhou 510642, China;,1. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Academy of Agricultural and Applied Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. National Joint Research Center for Precision Agricultural Aviation Application Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China; 3. Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Aviation, Guangzhou 510642, China; and 1. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Academy of Agricultural and Applied Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. National Joint Research Center for Precision Agricultural Aviation Application Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China; 3. Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance for Agricultural Aviation, Guangzhou 510642, China;
Abstract:Abstract: Agricultural aviation is one of the most important parts of modern agriculture. In order to understand the development status and trend of Chinese agricultural aviation industry comprehensively and in depth, and reflect the difficulties and problems that the whole industry need to face recently, the secretary department of China Agricultural Aviation Industry Alliance (CAAIA) organized to publish the Report on Industry Development of Agricultural Aviation in China (2016), which will enhance public understanding and awareness of agricultural aviation, and promote the rapid and healthy development of agricultural aviation industry. The paper summarized the development and application of Chinese agricultural aviation industry in recently years, mainly involving manned aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The overall situation of Chinese agricultural aviation was presented; some statuses, for example, the flight time used in agricultural aviation has been grown steadily, and the development of unmanned aircraft has shown a pleasant increasing tendency, were analyzed. The main problems to be solved in Chinese agricultural aviation in industry standards, laws and regulations system, the core technology, the main supporting business and social services, and other aspects, were pointed out. As the chain of Chinese agricultural aviation industry is still imperfect, many areas are still in blank or start-up stage, including application requirements like agricultural aircraft manufacturing, leasing, intermediary, training and other auxiliary operational support, maintenance services and promotion, financing, insurance and other application requirements. At the same time, the main problems that need to be solved instantly show that there are the lagging construction industry standards and a perfect system has not yet been formed for agricultural aviation standardization; policies and regulations related to agricultural aviation are not well organized; due to the research funding shortage, the core and key technology researches on agricultural aviation lag behind its application; the immature development pattern has caused a weak service ability of social organization; and the small enterprise scale brings about the unreasonable industrial structure, and disorderly competition happens on the market sometimes. Then, aiming at the above problems, from management, pattern, standard, innovation, application and policy, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the healthy development of Chinese agricultural aviation industry, mainly including 6 aspects: To further clarify the management measures, to further explore the development pattern, to further strengthen the formulation of standards and collaborative innovation of key technologies for agricultural aviation, to further promote the aerial application in agriculture, and to further issue the policies that are good for the industry development. These can guide the development of agricultural aviation industry and provide a reference for the government. In the next 3 five-year plans, the development goals of Chinese agricultural aviation industry should be as follows: The overall level should be at the same pace with the developed countries, and furthermore, it is expected to reach the "leading" status for the agricultural unmanned aircraft operations.
Keywords:agriculture  aviation  unmanned aviation vehicle  remote sensing  plant protection  countermeasures and suggestions
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