Meta分析湖南省双季稻田甲烷排放影响因素

稻田是农业生产中甲烷的主要排放源。探索不同农田管理措施对甲烷排放的影响,对湖南省双季稻可持续生产意义重大。该研究利用Meta分析方法,基于该区域53篇公开发表研究文章中收集的840对数据研究发现:湖南省双季稻田中,双季稻甲烷排放占全年甲烷排放的97.9%,且晚稻甲烷排放显著大于早稻;冬闲期种植作物显著增加了双季稻田43.88%(P 0.05)的甲烷排放;免耕和复合种养(稻田养鸭、稻田养鱼等)则分别显著降低了双季稻26.84%、37.02%(P 0.05)的甲烷排放;另一方面,从单位产量甲烷排放来看,施氮肥显著降低了双季稻40.01%(P 0.05)排放量,这主要是由于水稻产量显著提高了73.87%(P0.05);施有机肥和秸秆还田显著增加稻田甲烷排放量,显著增加了68.11%、71.80%(P 0.05)的双季稻单位产量甲烷排放量。研究结果表明,在湖南双季稻生产中合理采用免耕、复合种养措施并合理化肥料投入等措施有利于平衡该区域水稻增产与甲烷减排。

Influencing factors of CH4 emissions from double cropping paddy fields in Hunan Province, China based on Meta-analysis

Abstract: Warming climate has been a global concern. Methane is an important greenhouse gas. Double rice cropping system in Hunan province contributes a large proportion of the national rice production. In this study, we studied the effect of agricultural managements of rice on methane emissions from double cropping paddy fields in Hunan Province, China based on Meta-analysis method. Only studies designed as side-by-side paired field experiments were included in this study. Field management practices, treatments, and controls were described in detail in each study, and the location of the experiment was provided. If seasonal accumulative CH4 emission fluxes were not directly provided, these values were calculated by multiplying time and mean CH4 emissions by the measurement period. A total of 53 published peer-reviewed papers published before 2018were obtained by reference retrieval. From them, 840 groups of data were drawn. The management measures included crop rotation, symbiosis ecosystem, tillage, nitrogen fertilizer input, organic manure and residue retention. The control and treatment groups were fallow versus winter crops, paddy-rice system versus rice-duck and rice-fish systems, conventional versus no tillage, no fertilizer-N input versus fertilizer-N input, no manure input versus fertilizer-N and manure input, and fertilizer-N input versus residue retention. Natural log of response ratio was used as the effect size in the random effect meta-analysis. Results showed that CH4 emissions from both early and late rice accounted for 97.9% of annual CH4 emissions, and more CH4 emissions from late rice was observed than that for early rice. In the double rice cropping system, adding winter crops could significantly increase CH4 emissions from double rice season by 43.88% (P < 0.05) compared to winter fallow. Moreover, the increase in methane emissions from early rice was significantly higher than that from late rice. Symbiosis ecosystem of rice (i.e., with ducks or fishes) and adopting no-till significantly decreased CH4 emissions by 37.02% and 26.84% (P < 0.05), respectively. The decrease in the emission from early rice field was much higher than that from late rice field. As for yield-scaled emission, application of N fertilizer decreased yield-scaled CH4 emissions by 40.01% (P < 0.05) mainly due to the yields increased by 73.87% (P < 0.05). Additionally, organic fertilizer application and residue retention increased 68.11% and 71.80% (P < 0.05) of yield-scaled CH4 emissions without impacting the rice yield. The results suggested adopting symbiosis ecosystem rice production or no-till along with optimized N input is conducive to balancing rice yield and CH4 emissions from fields with double rice cropping system in Hunan province.