轴流式水轮机叶片进水边形状对其性能的影响

针对轴流式水轮机叶片几何形状差异对水轮机的运行性能和运行范围产生的影响,研究了轴流式水轮机不同叶片进水边形状与水轮机性能参数之间的关系。在相同叶片安放角的情况下,对具有3种不同叶片进水边形状的轴流式模型水轮机进行数值研究。研究结果表明:在相同的叶片安放角的情况下,不同的叶片进水边形状不仅可以改变流道中从轮毂到轮缘的流量及环量分配;而且能够有效的改善叶片正背面压力分布,减小转轮内部的低压区,提高水轮机效率及空化性能;同时不同的水轮机进水边形状可以调节水轮机运行范围。研究结果可为水轮机的优化设计提供理论指导。

Effect of shapes of blade leading edge on hydraulic performance of Kaplan turbine

For a Kaplan turbine, the difference of blade geometry may impact the operating performance and operating range of the turbine. Therefore, the relationship between the different shapes of blade leading edge and the turbine performance parameters was studied in this paper. Based on the same blade setting angle, a numerical simulation for the model Kaplan turbine was conducted under the situation of three types of blade leading edge shapes. The results showed that: at the condition of the same blade setting angle, the different blade leading edge shapes could regulate the flow rates and change the distribution of circular rector in the flow passage. It is also helpful to improve the pressure distribution on pressure and suction sides of the blade and to decrease the low pressure area in the runner; these will improve the efficiency and cavitation performance, the different leading edge shape of the blade may adjust the operation scope. This study can provide a theoretical guidance to the optimal design of the turbine.