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信息技术提升农业机械化水平
引用本文:罗锡文,廖娟,邹湘军,张智刚,周志艳,臧英,胡炼.信息技术提升农业机械化水平[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(20):1-14.
作者姓名:罗锡文  廖娟  邹湘军  张智刚  周志艳  臧英  胡炼
作者单位:华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州,510642
基金项目:中国工程院咨询研究重点项目(2015-XZ-17-01-01)
摘    要:为适应中国现代农业建设的需要,保持中国农业机械化水平持续增长,实现中国农业可持续发展,该文提出,应将先进的信息技术融入中国农业机械的设计、制造、作业和管理等环节,使农业机械装备实现信息化和智能化,从而整体提升农业机械化水平。文中介绍了参数化设计、基于知识工程的农机产品设计、基于产品数据管理的并行协同设计等农机产品设计的关键技术;柔性制造、计算机集成制造、虚拟与网络制造等农机产品制造的关键技术;农情信息采集、农业机械导航、田间管理等农业机械作业的关键技术;农业机械管理、农业机械调度等关键技术。分析了这些关键技术信息化的不足,总结了世界各国的发展趋势,指出了用信息技术提升中国农业机械化水平应解决的核心问题。为加强农机装备的信息技术创新,该文建议,应突破一批智能农业装备数字化设计技术、自动导航协调控制技术及农业装备现场总线技术等关键技术;研发一批大田和设施农业生产作业系统、果园作业智能装备和畜禽水产精准生产装备等重大技术产品;构建一批水肥药田间精准作业系统、畜禽水产自动饲喂系统和自动化加工生产线等农业机械精准作业系统,从而进一步用信息技术提升农业机械化水平。

关 键 词:农业机械  信息技术  可持续发展  农业机械化  农业可持续发展  现代农业
收稿时间:2016/6/16 0:00:00
修稿时间:2016/8/10 0:00:00

Enhancing agricultural mechanization level through information technology
Luo Xiwen,Liao Juan,Zou Xiangjun,Zhang Zhigang,Zhou Zhiyan,Zang Ying and Hu Lian.Enhancing agricultural mechanization level through information technology[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(20):1-14.
Authors:Luo Xiwen  Liao Juan  Zou Xiangjun  Zhang Zhigang  Zhou Zhiyan  Zang Ying and Hu Lian
Institution:Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China,Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China and Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Abstract:Abstract: Since 1978, great progress has been achieved in Chinese agriculture. However, the problems still exist in the development process, such as low labor productivity, high production cost, low land productivity, low yield, low rate of resource utilization and lacking international competitiveness of agricultural products. One important reason for these problems lies in the low agricultural mechanization level in China. The informationization of agricultural machinery is a fundamental way to enhance agricultural mechanization level. In order to keep the sustained growth of agricultural mechanization level and accomplish the agricultural sustainable development in China, it is critical to take full advantages of advanced information technology to improve the design, manufacturing, operation and management of agricultural machinery, and then to enhance the level of agricultural mechanization. This paper mainly introduced: 1) The key information technologies for agricultural machinery design: parametric design, agricultural machinery product design based on knowledge engineering, and concurrent and collaborative design based on product data management; 2) The key information technologies for agricultural machinery manufacturing: flexible manufacturing, computer integrated manufacturing, and virtual and network manufacturing; 3) The key information technologies for agricultural machinery operation: agricultural information acquisition, agricultural machinery navigation, and field management; 4) The key information technologies for agricultural machinery management: agricultural machinery management, and agricultural machinery scheduling. The deficiencies of current information technologies were analyzed, the development trend was summarized for the countries all over the world, and the core issues of enhancing the agricultural mechanization level in China for present information technologies were proposed. In order to further enhance the level of agricultural mechanization by using information technology, some suggestions are proposed in this paper: 1) To make the breakthrough in key technologies of digital design of intelligent equipment, coordinated control of auto-navigation and fieldbus technology of agricultural equipment; 2) To strengthen the innovation of major precision production equipment, such as precision production equipment for field operation and facilities agriculture, orchard production and livestock, and poultry and aquaculture production; 3) To construct the precision operating system for modern agricultural machinery, and to research and develop a series of major technical products, such as precision operating system of water, fertilizer and pesticide, automatic feeding system and automated processing production line of livestock, poultry and aquaculture.
Keywords:agricultural machinery  information technology  sustainable development  agricultural mechanization  agricultural sustainable development  modern agriculture
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