四川紫色土地区典型小流域分布式产汇流模型研究

针对日益加剧的四川紫色土地区水土流失情况，为定量分析紫色土地区小流域水土流失程度，选取四川省南部县鹤鸣观小流域为研究区，在蓄满产流模型的基础上，构建了适合紫色土地区小流域分布式产汇流模型。该模型以地块为计算单元，在每个地块上输入参数，然后依据流域产汇流机制计算每个地块的产汇流量，并用递归算法将计算结果推算到流域出口，得到流域径流总量。该模型能评价流域下垫面各因子空间分布不均匀性和人类活动的影响，模拟每个地块次降雨产汇流过程。在鹤鸣观小流域进行了模型的检验与应用，模拟过程与实测结果符合较好。该研究为四川紫色土地区水土保持治理提供了科学依据。

Distributed model for simulating runoff yield in the typical watershed of the purple soil region in Sichuan Province

According to the aggravation status of water loss and soil erosion in the purple soil region, Hemingguan watershed of Nanbu county in Sichuan Province was selected as study region and a distributed model of runoff based on the natural storage model was developed in order to quantitatively analyze the degree of soil erosion and water loss. The model takes plot of land as calculated unit and the parameters were inputted for each plot, then the runoff of each plot was calculated based on the mechanism of the runoff, finally, the total runoff was calculated by recursion algorithm from the peak of watershed. The model can also evaluate the effect of variation of land use and support practice on runoff, and simulate the runoff process of rainfall in each plot of land. The model was finally validated in Hemingguan watershed and the results showed that the proposed model could reasonably simulate rainfall-runoff in small watershed. The research can offer the evaluation of regional soil and water conservation.