陡坡地杏树高产优质与肥水关系研究

杏是陕北黄土峁状丘陵区大于25°陡坡地开发治理的优良树种之一。通过保水工程和增施肥料等措施研究了陡坡地杏树高产优质与肥水关系。结果表明，陡坡地杏树整修大鱼鳞坑土壤含水量明显提高，增施肥料根系土壤含水量降低；整修大鱼鳞坑并增施肥料提高了杏树对肥水的吸收利用，叶片蒸腾强度和叶绿素合成等代谢作用加强，叶片养分和果实养分含量增加，产量提高品质上升。说明在干旱瘠薄、水土流失严重的陡坡地整修保水工程和增施肥料是夺取杏树高产优质最有效的措施之一。

Relation Between Water & Fertility of Soil and High Yield & Fine Quality of Apricot on Montaineous Sloping Field

Apricot is a sort of the good trees to use in controlling and exploiting sloping field whose slope degree is larger than 25 degree on loess hilly-gully region of Shaanbei. We have researched the relation between water & fertility of soil and high yield & fine quality of apricot on sloping field by the ways as water conservation project, raising the amount of using fertilizer and so on. The results are as follows: the water content in soil increases dearly with building big tunnel like fish scales and the water content in soil of root region decreases with raising the amount of fertilizer for apricot on sloping field. The absorption and usage of application of apricot to water and fertilizer increases by combining building big tunnel like fish scales with raising the amount of fertilizers, the transpiration intensity and chlorophyll synthetic of leaves rises, the yield increases and the quality rises too. As a result, we think it is one of the most effective ways to get high yield and fine quality of apricot, to build water conservation project and raise the amount of fertilizer on arid and unproductive sloping field with serious water and soil erosion.