黄石市农业面源污染的解析及其空间异质性研究

为弄清黄石农业面源污染的源分配以及在空间上的分布差异,进而为削减黄石农业面源污染提供理论依据,该文采用清单分析方法,研究了黄石市化肥施用、有机肥施用、秸秆遗弃、畜禽养殖、水产养殖、生活污水、生活垃圾、地表径流中COD、BOD5、TN、TP的污染负荷及其在空间上的分布差异.结果表明,黄石市农业面源污染排放COD、BOD5、TN、TP的实物总量分别为6.12万、3.55万、1.65万、0.43万t/a,相应的等标排放量分别为3061、8874、16542、21726 f/a.农业面源污染负荷已占全市水环境的半壁江山,接近水环境容量,必须予以削减.主要污染源是畜禽养殖、化肥与生活污水,主要污染物是TP、TN.因农业面源污染引起COD、BOD5、TN、TP的排放浓度为26.04、15.10、7.04、1.85 mg/L,达到严重污染.按压力确定的污染程度是大冶市>市区>阳新县,按响应确定的污染程度是市区≈大冶市>阳新县.

Source apportionment and spatial heterogeneity of agricultural non-point source pollution in Huangshi, Hubei Province

In order to understand source apportionment and spatial characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution (NPSP) fully in Huangshi, Hubei, and to further provide evidence to cut it down, the list analysis was conducted to determine the loading of agricultural NPSP in Huangshi. The results showed that the absolute discharge amount of COD, BOD5, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from NPSP were 61.2, 35.5, 16.5, 4.3 thousand ton per year, its relevant discharge amount in equivalent standard was 3061, 8874, 16542 and 21726 thousand ton per year. Agriculture NPSP had almost reached water environment capacity and it should be reduced. The main sources of pollution were livestock breeding, chemical fertilizer and domestic sewage and the main pollutants were TN and TP. Discharge concentration of COD, BOD5, TN and TP caused by agriculture NPSP was 26.04, 15.10, 7.04 and 1.85 mg/L, respectively. According to pollution stress, the pollution extent was D